Abstract
Field experiments were undertaken at national agricultural research centre Islamabad, Pakistan during 2004 and 2005 to study the seed soaking effects of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethrel), gibberellic acid and maleic hydrazide (MH) on sex modification in cucumber and to find out the critical phytohormones level of endogenous hormones for lowest sex ratio. Seeds were soaked in different concentrations of growth regulators for 20 h prior to sowing. Seed soaking with MH at 450 μmol/L highly increased the number of pistillate flowers and fruit yield per plant and decreased the sex ratio compared to that of untreated control. The phytohormone levels of indole acetic acid (IAA) at blooming and fruiting stages were significantly higher with MH at 450 µmol/L and had a positive significant correlation with the number of pistillate flower/plant and negative correlation with sex ratio. Fruit yield had also a positive significant correlation with endogenous IAA. Ethrel also significantly lowered the male to female sex ratio in cucumber.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
MH seed soaking increased pistillate flower number versus untreated control.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativust0 - Treatment
- MH at 450 μmol/Le0
- Outcome
- number of pistillate flowerse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed soaking with MH at 450 μmol/L highly increased the number of pistillate flowers and fruit yield per plant and decreased the sex ratio compared to that of untreated control.”
t0“cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
MH seed soaking increased fruit yield per plant versus untreated control.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- MH at 450 μmol/Le0
- Outcome
- fruit yield per plante0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed soaking with MH at 450 μmol/L highly increased the number of pistillate flowers and fruit yield per plant and decreased the sex ratio compared to that of untreated control.”
t0“cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
MH seed soaking decreased sex ratio versus untreated control.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- MH at 450 μmol/Le0
- Outcome
- sex ratioe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed soaking with MH at 450 μmol/L highly increased the number of pistillate flowers and fruit yield per plant and decreased the sex ratio compared to that of untreated control.”
t0“cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
IAA levels at blooming and fruiting were higher with MH seed soaking.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Organ / stage
- blooming and fruiting stagese0
- Treatment
- MH at 450 µmol/Le0
- Outcome
- phytohormone levels of indole acetic acid (IAA)e0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The phytohormone levels of indole acetic acid (IAA) at blooming and fruiting stages were significantly higher with MH at 450 µmol/L”
t0“cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
IAA levels correlated positively with pistillate flowers per plant.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Compound
- indole acetic acid (IAA)e0
- Outcome
- number of pistillate flower/plante0
- Direction
- positivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The phytohormone levels of indole acetic acid (IAA) at blooming and fruiting stages were significantly higher with MH at 450 µmol/L and had a positive significant correlation with the number of pistillate flower/plant”
t0“cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
IAA levels correlated negatively with sex ratio.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Compound
- indole acetic acid (IAA)e0
- Outcome
- sex ratioe0
- Direction
- negativee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The phytohormone levels of indole acetic acid (IAA) at blooming and fruiting stages were significantly higher with MH at 450 µmol/L and had a positive significant correlation with the number of pistillate flower/plant and negative correlation with sex ratio.”
t0“cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit yield correlated positively and significantly with endogenous IAA.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Compound
- endogenous IAAe0
- Outcome
- Fruit yielde0
- Direction
- positivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fruit yield had also a positive significant correlation with endogenous IAA.”
t0“cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethrel lowered cucumber male-to-female sex ratio.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- Ethrele0
- Outcome
- male to female sex ratioe0
- Direction
- lowerede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ethrel also significantly lowered the male to female sex ratio in cucumber.”
The same questions in other papers
(2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid · nutrient: content · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.