Abstract
This study was initiated to evaluate hydrophilic polymers (hydrogels) as a new solid matrix medium for seed-priming of Heteropappus arenarius Kitam. Solid matrix priming (SMP)-media were prepared with the combination of Na- and K-based hydrogels and hydrogels with three different dry levels (DC; 70%, 80%, and 90%). Priming was performed in the dark at 15 or $20^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours, and all primed seeds were incubated at $20^{\circ}C$ in the dark for the germination test. Non-primed seeds and seeds primed with distilled water (DW) were also included. To reach the germination rate of 50% ($T_{50}$), it took 4.0 days for non-primed seeds, and 3.6 and 3.9 days for DW-primed seeds at 15 and $20^{\circ}C$, respectively. Na-based hydrogel-primed seeds with 70% DC (Na 70%) showed the fastest germination, which respectively took and 1.9 and 1.8 days at 15 and $20^{\circ}C$ to $T_{50}$. K-based hydrogel-primed seeds with 70% DC showed the fastest germination among K-based hydrogels with various DC levels, but it took 0.6 days more to $T_{50}$ compared to Na 70%. The hydration rate (HR) of DW-primed seeds was 37% lower than that of Na 70%-primed seeds at $15^{\circ}C$ priming temperature, which indicates that Na 70% priming is the best solid matrix priming condition for promoting the germination of H. arenarius seeds.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Na 70% hydrogel priming gave the fastest germination of H. arenarius seeds, with 50% germination reached in 1.9 and 1.8 days at 15 and 20 degrees C
- Taxon
- Heteropappus arenarius
Aster arenariust0 - Treatment
- Na 70%e1
- Outcome
- germinatione1
- Direction
- fasteste1
- Value
- 1.9 and 1.8 dayse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Heteropappus arenarius Seeds”
e1“Na-based hydrogel-primed seeds with 70% DC (Na 70%) showed the fastest germination, which respectively took and 1.9 and 1.8 days at 15 and”
Claim · model-written summary
K-based hydrogel priming with 70% DC gave the fastest germination among K-based hydrogels with various DC levels
- Taxon
- Heteropappus arenariusAster arenariust0
- Treatment
- K-based hydrogel-primed seeds with 70% DCe2
- Outcome
- germinatione2
- Direction
- fasteste2
- Comparator
- K-based hydrogels with various DC levelse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Heteropappus arenarius Seeds”
e2“K-based hydrogel-primed seeds with 70% DC showed the fastest germination among K-based hydrogels with various DC levels”
Claim · model-written summary
K-based hydrogel priming with 70% DC took 0.6 days longer to reach 50% germination than Na 70% priming
- Taxon
- Heteropappus arenariusAster arenariust0
- Treatment
- K-based hydrogel-primed seeds with 70% DCe2
- Outcome
- germinatione1
- Direction
- moree3
- Value
- 0.6 dayse3
- Comparator
- Na 70%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Heteropappus arenarius Seeds”
e2“K-based hydrogel-primed seeds with 70% DC showed the fastest germination among K-based hydrogels with various DC levels”
e3“but it took 0.6 days more to”
e1“Na-based hydrogel-primed seeds with 70% DC (Na 70%) showed the fastest germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Distilled water priming gave a shorter time to 50% germination than non-primed seeds, at 3.6 and 3.9 days against 4.0 days
- Taxon
- Heteropappus arenariusAster arenariust0
- Treatment
- DW-primede4
- Outcome
- germination rate of 50%e5
- Direction
- lowerinferrede4
- Value
- 3.6 and 3.9 dayse4
- Comparator
- non-primed seedse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Heteropappus arenarius Seeds”
e4“it took 4.0 days for non-primed seeds, and 3.6 and 3.9 days for DW-primed seeds at 15 and”
e5“To reach the germination rate of 50%”
Claim · model-written summary
DW-primed seeds had a hydration rate 37% lower than Na 70%-primed seeds at the 15 degrees C priming temperature
- Taxon
- Heteropappus arenariusAster arenariust0
- Treatment
- DW-primede6
- Outcome
- hydration rate (HR)e6
- Direction
- lowere6
- Value
- 37%e6
- Comparator
- Na 70%-primed seedse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Heteropappus arenarius Seeds”
e6“The hydration rate (HR) of DW-primed seeds was 37% lower than that of Na 70%-primed seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that Na 70% priming is the best solid matrix priming condition for promoting germination of H. arenarius seeds
- Taxon
- H. arenariusAster arenariuse7
- Treatment
- Na 70%e7
- Outcome
- best solid matrix priming condition for promoting the germinatione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Heteropappus arenarius Seeds”
e7“Na 70% priming is the best solid matrix priming condition for promoting the germination of H. arenarius seeds”