Abstract
Solarization by covering the soil with transparent polyethylene sheets during the summer months (April, May, June) in 1984 and 1985 significantly (P = 0.01) reduced the population densities of nematodes (Heterodera cajani, Rotylenchulus reniformis, Helicotylenchus retusus, Pratylenchus sp., and Tylenchorhynchus sp.) parasitic to chickpea and pigeonpea. Population density reductions of 93% of Heterodera cajani eggs and juveniles, 99% ofHelicotylenchus retusus, 98% of Pratylenchus sp., and 100% of R. reniformis were achieved by solarization in 1984. Irrigation before covering soil with polyethylene improved (P = 0.01) the effects of solarization in reducing the population densities of Heterodera cajani. Similar trends in population density reductions were observed in 1985, but the solarization effects were not the same. Nematode population reductions in the 1984-85 season were evident until near crop harvest, but in the 1985-86 season the effects on nematode populations were not as great and did not last until harvest. Factors such as rains during the solarization, duration of solarization, and sunshine hours may have influenced the efficacy of solarization. Solarization for two seasons reduced the population densities each year about the same as single season solarization, and residual effects of solarization on nematode populations did not last for more than a crop season.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Soil solarisation significantly reduced the population densities of nematodes parasitic to chickpea and pigeonpea.
- Taxon
- chickpea and pigeonpea
Cajanus cajan
Cicer arietinume1 - Treatment
- Solarization by covering the soil with transparent polyethylene sheetse0
- Outcome
- population densities of nematodese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“parasitic to chickpea and pigeonpea”
e0“Solarization by covering the soil with transparent polyethylene sheets during the summer months (April, May, June) in 1984 and 1985 significantly (P = 0.01) reduced the population densities of nematodes”
Claim · model-written summary
Solarization reduced Heterodera cajani eggs and juveniles by 93%.
- Taxon
- chickpea and pigeonpeaCajanus cajanCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- solarizatione3
- Interactor
- Heterodera cajaniHeterodera cajanie2pest
- Outcome
- Heterodera cajani eggs and juvenilese2
- Direction
- reductionse2
- Value
- 93%e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“parasitic to chickpea and pigeonpea”
e2“Population density reductions of 93% of Heterodera cajani eggs and juveniles”
e3“were achieved by solarization in 1984”
Claim · model-written summary
Solarization reduced Helicotylenchus retusus population density by 99%.
- Taxon
- chickpea and pigeonpeaCajanus cajanCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- solarizatione3
- Interactor
- Helicotylenchus retususe4pest
- Outcome
- Population density reductionse2
- Direction
- reductionse2
- Value
- 99%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“parasitic to chickpea and pigeonpea”
e2“Population density reductions of 93% of Heterodera cajani eggs and juveniles”
e3“were achieved by solarization in 1984”
e4“99% ofHelicotylenchus retusus”
Claim · model-written summary
Solarization reduced Pratylenchus sp. population density by 98%.
- Taxon
- chickpea and pigeonpeaCajanus cajanCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- solarizatione3
- Interactor
- Pratylenchus sp.
Pratylenchuse5pest - Outcome
- Population density reductionse2
- Direction
- reductionse2
- Value
- 98%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“parasitic to chickpea and pigeonpea”
e3“were achieved by solarization in 1984”
e5“98% of Pratylenchus sp.”
e2“Population density reductions of 93% of Heterodera cajani eggs and juveniles”
Claim · model-written summary
Solarization reduced R. reniformis population density by 100%.
- Taxon
- chickpea and pigeonpeaCajanus cajanCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- solarizatione3
- Interactor
- R. reniformis
Rotylenchulus reniformise6pest - Outcome
- Population density reductionse2
- Direction
- reductionse2
- Value
- 100%e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“parasitic to chickpea and pigeonpea”
e3“were achieved by solarization in 1984”
e6“100% of R. reniformis”
e2“Population density reductions of 93% of Heterodera cajani eggs and juveniles”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation before covering the soil with polyethylene improved the solarization reduction of Heterodera cajani population densities.
- Taxon
- chickpea and pigeonpeaCajanus cajanCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- Irrigation before covering soil with polyethylenee7
- Interactor
- Heterodera cajaniHeterodera cajanie7pest
- Outcome
- population densities of Heterodera cajanie7
- Direction
- improvede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“parasitic to chickpea and pigeonpea”
e7“Irrigation before covering soil with polyethylene improved (P = 0.01) the effects of solarization in reducing the population densities of Heterodera cajani”
Claim · model-written summary
In the 1985-86 season, solarization effects on nematode populations were not as great as in 1984-85 and did not last until harvest.
- Taxon
- chickpea and pigeonpeaCajanus cajanCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- Solarizatione0
- Outcome
- effects on nematode populationse2
- Direction
- not as greate2
- Comparator
- 1984-85 seasone3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“parasitic to chickpea and pigeonpea”
e0“Solarization by covering the soil with transparent polyethylene sheets”
e2“but in the 1985-86 season the effects on nematode populations were not as great and did not last until harvest”
e3“Nematode population reductions in the 1984-85 season were evident until near crop harvest”
Claim · model-written summary
Solarization for two seasons reduced nematode population densities about as much as single-season solarization.
- Taxon
- chickpea and pigeonpeaCajanus cajanCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- Solarization for two seasonse2
- Outcome
- population densitiese2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Comparator
- single season solarizatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“parasitic to chickpea and pigeonpea”
e2“Solarization for two seasons reduced the population densities each year about the same as single season solarization”
Claim · model-written summary
Residual effects of solarization on nematode populations did not last more than one crop season.
- Taxon
- chickpea and pigeonpeaCajanus cajanCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- solarizatione2
- Outcome
- residual effectse2
- Direction
- did not laste2
- Qualifier
- for more than a crop seasone2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“parasitic to chickpea and pigeonpea”
e2“residual effects of solarization on nematode populations did not last for more than a crop season”
The same questions in other papers
climate site · pest · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
solarization · Heterodera cajani · Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
solarization · pest · Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.