Paper · 2004 · Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems - B

The mathematical method of studying the reproduction structure of weeds and its application to Bromus sterilis

Svend Christensen; Preben Klarskov Hansen; Guozheng Qi; et al.

7
claims
14
verbatim quotes
1
citations
3
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

This article discusses the structure of weedreproduction incorporating the application of a mathematical model. Thismathematical methodology enables the construction, testing and applicationof distribution models for the analysis of the structure of weedreproduction and weed ecology. The mathematical model was applied, at theindividual level, to the weed species, Bromus sterilis. The application ofthis method, to the weed under competition, resulted in an analysis of theoverall reproduction structure of the weed which follows approximatelyGaussian distribution patterns and an analysis of the shoots in the weedplant which follow approximately Sigmoid distribution patterns. It was alsodiscovered that the application of the mathematical distribution models,when applied under specific conditions could, effectively estimate the seedproduction and total number of shoots in a weed plant. On the average, aweed plant has 3 shoots, with each shoot measuring 90cm in height and beingcomposed of 21 spikelets. Besides the estimations of the total shoots andseed production within the experimental field, one may also apply thesemathematical distribution models to estimate the germination rate of thespecies within the experimental field in following years.

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Claims 7

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Reproduction structure approximately followed a Gaussian distribution.

Taxon
Bromus sterilisBromus sterilise1
Outcome
reproduction structure of the weede0
Qualifier
approximatelyGaussian distribution patternse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Bromus sterilis
Bromus sterilis · TaxonKristian Peters -- Fabelfroh 19:12, 20 August 2005 (UTC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“overall reproduction structure of the weed which follows approximatelyGaussian distribution patterns”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 475–575 · show in text ↑
e1

“weed species, Bromus sterilis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 352–381 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Shoot structure approximately followed a sigmoid distribution.

Taxon
Bromus sterilisBromus sterilise1
Outcome
shoots in the weedplante0
Qualifier
approximately Sigmoid distribution patternse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Bromus sterilis
Bromus sterilis · TaxonKristian Peters -- Fabelfroh 19:12, 20 August 2005 (UTC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“shoots in the weedplant which follow approximately Sigmoid distribution patterns”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 599–679 · show in text ↑
e1

“weed species, Bromus sterilis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 352–381 · show in text ↑
Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultsimulated

Claim · model-written summary

Distribution models could estimate weed seed production under specific conditions.

Taxon
Bromus sterilisBromus sterilise1
Outcome
seedproductione0
Comparator
specific conditionse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Bromus sterilis
Bromus sterilis · TaxonKristian Peters -- Fabelfroh 19:12, 20 August 2005 (UTC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“mathematical distribution models,when applied under specific conditions could, effectively estimate the seedproduction”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 731–849 · show in text ↑
e1

“weed species, Bromus sterilis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 352–381 · show in text ↑
Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultsimulated

Claim · model-written summary

Distribution models could estimate total shoot number.

Taxon
Bromus sterilisBromus sterilise1
Outcome
total number of shootse0
Comparator
specific conditionse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Bromus sterilis
Bromus sterilis · TaxonKristian Peters -- Fabelfroh 19:12, 20 August 2005 (UTC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“mathematical distribution models,when applied under specific conditions could, effectively estimate the seedproduction and total number of shoots”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 731–876 · show in text ↑
e1

“weed species, Bromus sterilis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 352–381 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

An average weed plant had three shoots.

Taxon
Bromus sterilisBromus sterilise1
Outcome
shootse0
Value
3 shootse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Bromus sterilis
Bromus sterilis · TaxonKristian Peters -- Fabelfroh 19:12, 20 August 2005 (UTC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“On the average, aweed plant has 3 shoots”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 894–934 · show in text ↑
e1

“weed species, Bromus sterilis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 352–381 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Each shoot averaged 90cm in height.

Taxon
Bromus sterilisBromus sterilise1
Outcome
heighte0
Value
90cme0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Bromus sterilis
Bromus sterilis · TaxonKristian Peters -- Fabelfroh 19:12, 20 August 2005 (UTC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“each shoot measuring 90cm in height”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 941–976 · show in text ↑
e1

“weed species, Bromus sterilis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 352–381 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Each shoot comprised 21 spikelets.

Taxon
Bromus sterilisBromus sterilise1
Outcome
spikeletse0
Value
21 spikeletse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Bromus sterilis
Bromus sterilis · TaxonKristian Peters -- Fabelfroh 19:12, 20 August 2005 (UTC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“beingcomposed of 21 spikelets”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 981–1010 · show in text ↑
e1

“weed species, Bromus sterilis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 352–381 · show in text ↑