Abstract
The objective of the work was to evaluate the plant growth promotion of maize by thiosulfate-oxidizing bacteria possessing the tetrathionate intermediate (S4I) and/or paracoccus sulfur oxidation (PSO) pathway for thiosulfate oxidation. Halothiobacillus sp. possessing the S4I and PSO pathways for thiosulfate oxidation recorded the highest phosphate solubilization (480 µg ml-1), followed by other S4I pathway bearing bacteria (Microbacterium phyllosphaerae and Pandoraea sputorum). All the tested bacterial strains such as Halothiobacillus sp., Dyella thiooxydans, M. phyllosphaerae, Pandoraea sputorum, and Pandoraea sp., consumed the glucose and thiosulfate simultaneously, indicating that these organisms had a mixotrophic metabolism. Results of growth chamber study revealed that inoculation of D. thiooxydans and M. phyllosphaerae (both holding the S4I pathway) significantly enhanced the maize root length (73 and 67%, respectively), shoot length (27 and 31%), and shoot biomass (58 and 45%), along with the nutrient uptake of P, K, S, Mn, Ca, Cu and Na. Therefore, it was concluded that D. thiooxydans and M. phyllosphaerae possessing the S4I pathway are effective early plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for maize when compared with other bacteria possessing the S4I and PSO pathway for thiosulfate oxidation. Key words: Maize, mixotrophic growth, paracoccus sulfur oxidation pathway, phosphate solubilization, tetrathionate intermediate pathway, sulfur nutrition.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Halothiobacillus sp., possessing the S4I and PSO pathways, showed the highest phosphate solubilization (480 µg ml-1) of the tested bacteria.
- Taxon
- Halothiobacillus sp.
Halothiobacilluse0 - Outcome
- phosphate solubilizatione0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 480 µg ml-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Halothiobacillus sp. possessing the S4I and PSO pathways for thiosulfate oxidation recorded the highest phosphate solubilization (480 µg ml-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
All tested bacterial strains consumed glucose and thiosulfate simultaneously, indicating mixotrophic metabolism.
- Taxon
- Halothiobacillus sp., Dyella thiooxydans, M. phyllosphaerae, Pandoraea sputorum, and Pandoraea sp.PandoraeaPandoraea sputorumMicrobacterium phyllosphaeraeDyella thiooxydansHalothiobacillus sp.e0
- Outcome
- consumed the glucose and thiosulfate simultaneouslye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All the tested bacterial strains such as Halothiobacillus sp., Dyella thiooxydans, M. phyllosphaerae, Pandoraea sputorum, and Pandoraea sp., consumed the glucose and thiosulfate simultaneously”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with Dyella thiooxydans significantly increased maize root length by 73% in a growth chamber study.
- Treatment
- inoculation of D. thiooxydans and M. phyllosphaeraee0
- Interactor
- D. thiooxydansDyella thiooxydanse0symbiont
- Outcome
- maize root lengthe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 73e0
- Setting
- growth chambere0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“growth chamber study revealed that inoculation of D. thiooxydans and M. phyllosphaerae (both holding the S4I pathway) significantly enhanced the maize root length (73 and 67%, respectively), shoot length (27 and 31%), and shoot biomass (58 and 45%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with Microbacterium phyllosphaerae significantly increased maize root length by 67% in a growth chamber study.
- Treatment
- inoculation of D. thiooxydans and M. phyllosphaeraee0
- Interactor
- M. phyllosphaeraeMicrobacterium phyllosphaeraee0symbiont
- Outcome
- maize root lengthe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 67%e0
- Setting
- growth chambere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“growth chamber study revealed that inoculation of D. thiooxydans and M. phyllosphaerae (both holding the S4I pathway) significantly enhanced the maize root length (73 and 67%, respectively), shoot length (27 and 31%), and shoot biomass (58 and 45%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with Dyella thiooxydans significantly increased maize shoot biomass by 58% in a growth chamber study.
- Treatment
- inoculation of D. thiooxydans and M. phyllosphaeraee0
- Interactor
- D. thiooxydansDyella thiooxydanse0symbiont
- Outcome
- shoot biomasse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 58e0
- Setting
- growth chambere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“growth chamber study revealed that inoculation of D. thiooxydans and M. phyllosphaerae (both holding the S4I pathway) significantly enhanced the maize root length (73 and 67%, respectively), shoot length (27 and 31%), and shoot biomass (58 and 45%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with Microbacterium phyllosphaerae significantly increased maize shoot biomass by 45% in a growth chamber study.
- Treatment
- inoculation of D. thiooxydans and M. phyllosphaeraee0
- Interactor
- M. phyllosphaeraeMicrobacterium phyllosphaeraee0symbiont
- Outcome
- shoot biomasse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 45%e0
- Setting
- growth chambere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“growth chamber study revealed that inoculation of D. thiooxydans and M. phyllosphaerae (both holding the S4I pathway) significantly enhanced the maize root length (73 and 67%, respectively), shoot length (27 and 31%), and shoot biomass (58 and 45%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation of D. thiooxydans and M. phyllosphaerae enhanced maize nutrient uptake of P, K, S.
- Treatment
- inoculation of D. thiooxydans and M. phyllosphaeraee0
- Interactor
- D. thiooxydansDyella thiooxydanse0symbiont
- Second interactor
- M. phyllosphaeraeMicrobacterium phyllosphaeraee0symbiont
- Outcome
- nutrient uptake of P, K, S, Mn, Ca, Cu and Nae0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation of D. thiooxydans and M. phyllosphaerae (both holding the S4I pathway) significantly enhanced the maize root length (73 and 67%, respectively), shoot length (27 and 31%), and shoot biomass (58 and 45%), along with the nutrient uptake of P, K, S, Mn, Ca, Cu and Na”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation of D. thiooxydans and M. phyllosphaerae enhanced maize nutrient uptake of Mn, Ca, Cu.
- Treatment
- inoculation of D. thiooxydans and M. phyllosphaeraee0
- Interactor
- D. thiooxydansDyella thiooxydanse0symbiont
- Second interactor
- M. phyllosphaeraeMicrobacterium phyllosphaeraee0symbiont
- Outcome
- nutrient uptake of P, K, S, Mn, Ca, Cu and Nae0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation of D. thiooxydans and M. phyllosphaerae (both holding the S4I pathway) significantly enhanced the maize root length (73 and 67%, respectively), shoot length (27 and 31%), and shoot biomass (58 and 45%), along with the nutrient uptake of P, K, S, Mn, Ca, Cu and Na”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation of D. thiooxydans and M. phyllosphaerae enhanced maize nutrient uptake of Na.
- Treatment
- inoculation of D. thiooxydans and M. phyllosphaeraee0
- Interactor
- D. thiooxydansDyella thiooxydanse0symbiont
- Second interactor
- M. phyllosphaeraeMicrobacterium phyllosphaeraee0symbiont
- Outcome
- nutrient uptake of P, K, S, Mn, Ca, Cu and Nae0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation of D. thiooxydans and M. phyllosphaerae (both holding the S4I pathway) significantly enhanced the maize root length (73 and 67%, respectively), shoot length (27 and 31%), and shoot biomass (58 and 45%), along with the nutrient uptake of P, K, S, Mn, Ca, Cu and Na”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that D. thiooxydans and M. phyllosphaerae, both with the S4I pathway, are effective early plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for maize compared with other bacteria.
- Interactor
- D. thiooxydansDyella thiooxydanse0symbiont
- Second interactor
- M. phyllosphaeraeMicrobacterium phyllosphaeraee0symbiont
- Outcome
- effective early plant growth promoting rhizobacteriae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“D. thiooxydans and M. phyllosphaerae possessing the S4I pathway are effective early plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for maize when compared with other bacteria”
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