Abstract
Effective methods are needed to eradicate tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) and convert tall fescue fields into habitats more suitable to wildlife species. The objectives of this study were to determine the efficacy of (1) a single glyphosate application during the spring or fall and (2) AC 263,222, alone and in combination with glyphosate, applied during four different tall fescue growth stages for control of established tall fescue. Studies were conducted during 1996 to 1998 in fields dominated by tall fescue located in central Kentucky. Pre- and posttreatment plant communities were described to quantify differences in vegetative characteristics due to herbicide applications. Glyphosate at 2.2 kg ai/ha applied during the spring or fall was effective in reducing tall fescue to less than 12% cover. AC 263,222 at 0.2 kg ai/ha, AC 263,222 at 0.2 kg/ha plus glyphosate at 0.6 kg/ha, or AC 263,222 at 0.2 kg/ha plus glyphosate at 1.1 kg/ha applied during the spring growth, boot, summer dormancy, and fall growth stages were equally effective, reducing tall fescue cover to less than 3% at 2 to 7 mo after treatment. Glyphosate and AC 263,222 are effective tools for the initial removal of tall fescue.Nomenclature: AC 263,222, (±)-2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-5-methyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid; glyphosate, N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine; tall fescue, Festuca arundinacea Schreb. #3 FESAR.Additional index words: Fescue conversion.Abbreviations: NWSG, native warm-season grasses; OM, organic matter; SE, standard error of the mean; MAT, months after treatment.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate at 2.2 kg ai/ha applied in spring or fall reduced tall fescue cover to less than 12%.
- Taxon
- tall fescue
Lolium arundinaceume1 - Treatment
- Glyphosate at 2.2 kg ai/ha applied during the spring or falle1
- Outcome
- covere1
- Direction
- reducinge1
- Value
- less than 12%e1
- Setting
- central Kentuckye2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Glyphosate at 2.2 kg ai/ha applied during the spring or fall was effective in reducing tall fescue to less than 12% cover”
e2“Studies were conducted during 1996 to 1998 in fields dominated by tall fescue located in central Kentucky”
Claim · model-written summary
AC 263,222 at 0.2 kg ai/ha alone was equally effective, reducing tall fescue cover to less than 3% 2 to 7 months after treatment.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceume3
- Organ / stage
- spring growth, boot, summer dormancy, and fall growth stagese3
- Treatment
- AC 263,222 at 0.2 kg ai/hae3
- Outcome
- covere3
- Direction
- reducinge3
- Value
- less than 3%e3
- Qualifier
- 2 to 7 mo after treatmente3
- Setting
- central Kentuckye2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“AC 263,222 at 0.2 kg ai/ha, AC 263,222 at 0.2 kg/ha plus glyphosate at 0.6 kg/ha, or AC 263,222 at 0.2 kg/ha plus glyphosate at 1.1 kg/ha applied during the spring growth, boot, summer dormancy, and fall growth stages were equally effective, reducing tall fescue cover to less than 3% at 2 to 7 mo after treatment”
e2“Studies were conducted during 1996 to 1998 in fields dominated by tall fescue located in central Kentucky”
Claim · model-written summary
AC 263,222 at 0.2 kg/ha plus glyphosate at 0.6 kg/ha was equally effective, reducing tall fescue cover to less than 3% 2 to 7 months after treatment.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceume3
- Organ / stage
- spring growth, boot, summer dormancy, and fall growth stagese3
- Treatment
- AC 263,222 at 0.2 kg/ha plus glyphosate at 0.6 kg/hae3
- Outcome
- covere3
- Direction
- reducinge3
- Value
- less than 3%e3
- Qualifier
- 2 to 7 mo after treatmente3
- Setting
- central Kentuckye2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“AC 263,222 at 0.2 kg ai/ha, AC 263,222 at 0.2 kg/ha plus glyphosate at 0.6 kg/ha, or AC 263,222 at 0.2 kg/ha plus glyphosate at 1.1 kg/ha applied during the spring growth, boot, summer dormancy, and fall growth stages were equally effective, reducing tall fescue cover to less than 3% at 2 to 7 mo after treatment”
e2“Studies were conducted during 1996 to 1998 in fields dominated by tall fescue located in central Kentucky”
Claim · model-written summary
AC 263,222 at 0.2 kg/ha plus glyphosate at 1.1 kg/ha was equally effective, reducing tall fescue cover to less than 3% 2 to 7 months after treatment.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceume3
- Organ / stage
- spring growth, boot, summer dormancy, and fall growth stagese3
- Treatment
- AC 263,222 at 0.2 kg/ha plus glyphosate at 1.1 kg/hae3
- Outcome
- covere3
- Direction
- reducinge3
- Value
- less than 3%e3
- Qualifier
- 2 to 7 mo after treatmente3
- Setting
- central Kentuckye2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“AC 263,222 at 0.2 kg ai/ha, AC 263,222 at 0.2 kg/ha plus glyphosate at 0.6 kg/ha, or AC 263,222 at 0.2 kg/ha plus glyphosate at 1.1 kg/ha applied during the spring growth, boot, summer dormancy, and fall growth stages were equally effective, reducing tall fescue cover to less than 3% at 2 to 7 mo after treatment”
e2“Studies were conducted during 1996 to 1998 in fields dominated by tall fescue located in central Kentucky”
The same questions in other papers
glyphosate · growth · Lolium arundinaceum (tall fescue)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
imazapic · growth · Lolium arundinaceum (tall fescue)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.