Abstract
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) Cf genes confer resistance to the fungal pathogen Cladosporium fulvum through recognition of secreted avirulence (Avr) peptides. Plant defense responses, including rapid alterations in gene expression, are immediately activated upon perception of the pathogen. Previously, we identified a collection of Avr9/Cf-9 rapidly (15 to 30 min) elicited (ACRE) genes from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Many of the ACRE genes encode putative signaling components and thus may play pivotal roles in the initial development of the defense response. To assess the requirement of 42 of these genes in the hypersensitive response (HR) induced by Cf-9/Avr9 or by Cf-4/Avr4, we used virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in N. benthamiana. Three genes were identified that when silenced compromised the Cf-mediated HR. We further characterized one of these genes, which encodes a Ser/Thr protein kinase called Avr9/Cf-9 induced kinase 1 (ACIK1). ACIK1 mRNA was rapidly upregulated in tobacco and tomato upon elicitation by Avr9 and by wounding. Silencing of ACIK1 in tobacco resulted in a reduced HR that correlated with loss of ACIK1 transcript. Importantly, ACIK1 was found to be required for Cf-9/Avr9- and Cf-4/Avr4-mediated HRs but not for the HR or resistance mediated by other resistance/Avr systems, such as Pto/AvrPto, Rx/Potato virus X, or N/Tobacco mosaic virus. Moreover, VIGS of LeACIK1 in tomato decreased Cf-9-mediated resistance to C. fulvum, showing the importance of ACIK1 in disease resistance.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing three genes compromised Cf-mediated hypersensitive response in N. benthamiana.
- Taxon
- N. benthamiana
Nicotiana benthamianae0 - Treatment
- silencede0
- Outcome
- Cf-mediated HRe0
- Direction
- compromisede0
- Value
- Three genese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“we used virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in N. benthamiana. Three genes were identified that when silenced compromised the Cf-mediated HR.”
Claim · model-written summary
ACIK1 mRNA was rapidly upregulated in tobacco and tomato upon Avr9 elicitation.
- Taxon
- tobacco and tomato
Solanum lycopersicum
Nicotiana tabacume0 - Treatment
- elicitation by Avr9e0
- Gene
- ACIK1e0
- Outcome
- ACIK1 mRNAe0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ACIK1 mRNA was rapidly upregulated in tobacco and tomato upon elicitation by Avr9”
Claim · model-written summary
ACIK1 mRNA was rapidly upregulated in tobacco and tomato upon wounding.
- Taxon
- tobacco and tomatoSolanum lycopersicumNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- woundinge0
- Gene
- ACIK1e0
- Outcome
- ACIK1 mRNAe0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ACIK1 mRNA was rapidly upregulated in tobacco and tomato upon elicitation by Avr9 and by wounding.”
Claim · model-written summary
ACIK1 silencing reduced hypersensitive response in tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- Silencing of ACIK1e0
- Gene
- ACIK1e0
- Outcome
- HRe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Silencing of ACIK1 in tobacco resulted in a reduced HR that correlated with loss of ACIK1 transcript.”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced hypersensitive response correlated with loss of ACIK1 transcript in tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Gene
- ACIK1e0
- Outcome
- HRe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- loss of ACIK1 transcripte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Silencing of ACIK1 in tobacco resulted in a reduced HR that correlated with loss of ACIK1 transcript.”
Claim · model-written summary
ACIK1 was required for Cf-9/Avr9-mediated hypersensitive response.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Gene
- ACIK1e0
- Outcome
- Cf-9/Avr9- and Cf-4/Avr4-mediated HRse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ACIK1 was found to be required for Cf-9/Avr9- and Cf-4/Avr4-mediated HRs”
e1“Silencing of ACIK1 in tobacco resulted in a reduced HR”
Claim · model-written summary
ACIK1 was not required for hypersensitive response or resistance mediated by other resistance/Avr systems.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Outcome
- HR or resistance mediated by other resistance/Avr systemse0
- Qualifier
- Pto/AvrPto, Rx/Potato virus X, or N/Tobacco mosaic viruse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but not for the HR or resistance mediated by other resistance/Avr systems, such as Pto/AvrPto, Rx/Potato virus X, or N/Tobacco mosaic virus.”
e1“Silencing of ACIK1 in tobacco resulted in a reduced HR”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing LeACIK1 decreased Cf-9-mediated resistance to C. fulvum in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- VIGS of LeACIK1e0
- Interactor
- C. fulvum
Fulvia fulvae0pathogen - Gene
- LeACIK1e0
- Outcome
- Cf-9-mediated resistance to C. fulvume0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“VIGS of LeACIK1 in tomato decreased Cf-9-mediated resistance to C. fulvum”
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