Abstract
Broomrape ( Orobanche cernua Loefl., syn. O. cumana Wallr.) populations belonging to a new race F in Spain have overcome all known resistance genes Or 1 to Or 5 in cultivated sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) and are spreading rapidly. All hybrids currently grown in Spain are susceptible to race F, and sources of resistance genes for this race are needed to develop new resistant cultivars. The objective of this study was to evaluate sunflower germplasm for resistance to race F (virulent population SE296). Using artificial inoculation with broomrape seed, 54 accessions of wild Helianthus spp. representing 27 perennial and four annual species and 55 cultivated accessions of sunflower were evaluated after incubation for ≈1 mo in a growth chamber. Helianthus seedlings were transplanted to the greenhouse for an additional ≈3 mo to evaluate the broomrape infection. Most perennial species of wild Helianthus were completely resistant to race F, but some accessions of the species H. divaricatus , H. maximiliani , and H. pauciflorus subsp. pauciflorus showed different proportions of susceptible plants, with a disease incidence varying from 10 to 80%. The annual wild species, H. anomalus and H. agrestis , were fully resistant, while segregation was observed in H. debilis subsp. cucumerifolius and H. exilis Only 7.2% of the accessions of cultivated sunflower tested were fully resistant, with 20% of them segregating for resistance. The high frequency of broomrape resistance to race F observed in the perennial wild species, as well as the resistance found in wild annual and cultivated germplasm, indicates that development of sunflower cultivars resistant to this new race of the parasite is feasible.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Broomrape race F overcame known resistance genes in cultivated sunflower.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuuse0 - Interactor
- Orobanche cernua Loefl.
Orobanche cernuae0parasite - Outcome
- overcome all known resistance genes Or 1 to Or 5e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Broomrape ( Orobanche cernua Loefl., syn. O. cumana Wallr.) populations belonging to a new race F in Spain have overcome all known resistance genes Or 1 to Or 5 in cultivated sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
All hybrids currently grown in Spain were susceptible to race F.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse1
- Interactor
- Orobanche cernua Loefl.Orobanche cernuae2parasite
- Outcome
- susceptible to race Fe0
- Setting
- Spaine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All hybrids currently grown in Spain are susceptible to race F”
e1“cultivated sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.)”
e2“Broomrape ( Orobanche cernua Loefl.”
Claim · model-written summary
Most perennial wild Helianthus species were completely resistant to race F.
Verbatim
e0“Most perennial species of wild Helianthus were completely resistant to race F”
e1“broomrape seed”
Claim · model-written summary
Some H. divaricatus accessions had 10 to 80% incidence of susceptible plants.
- Taxon
- H. divaricatus
Helianthus divaricatuse0 - Interactor
- broomrapee1parasite
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Value
- 10 to 80%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“some accessions of the species H. divaricatus , H. maximiliani , and H. pauciflorus subsp. pauciflorus showed different proportions of susceptible plants, with a disease incidence varying from 10 to 80%”
e1“broomrape seed”
Claim · model-written summary
Some H. maximiliani accessions had 10 to 80% incidence of susceptible plants.
- Taxon
- H. maximiliani
Helianthus maximilianie0 - Interactor
- broomrapee1parasite
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Value
- 10 to 80%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“some accessions of the species H. divaricatus , H. maximiliani , and H. pauciflorus subsp. pauciflorus showed different proportions of susceptible plants, with a disease incidence varying from 10 to 80%”
e1“broomrape seed”
Claim · model-written summary
Some H. pauciflorus subsp. pauciflorus accessions had 10 to 80% incidence of susceptible plants.
- Taxon
- H. pauciflorus subsp. pauciflorus
Helianthus pauciflorus subsp. paucifloruse0 - Interactor
- broomrapee1parasite
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Value
- 10 to 80%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“some accessions of the species H. divaricatus , H. maximiliani , and H. pauciflorus subsp. pauciflorus showed different proportions of susceptible plants, with a disease incidence varying from 10 to 80%”
e1“broomrape seed”
Claim · model-written summary
H. anomalus was fully resistant.
- Taxon
- H. anomalus
Helianthus anomaluse0 - Interactor
- broomrapee1parasite
- Outcome
- fully resistante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H. anomalus and H. agrestis , were fully resistant”
e1“broomrape seed”
Claim · model-written summary
H. agrestis was fully resistant.
- Taxon
- H. agrestis
Helianthus agrestise0 - Interactor
- broomrapee1parasite
- Outcome
- fully resistante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H. anomalus and H. agrestis , were fully resistant”
e1“broomrape seed”
Claim · model-written summary
H. debilis subsp. cucumerifolius segregated for resistance.
- Taxon
- H. debilis subsp. cucumerifolius
Helianthus debilis subsp. cucumerifoliuse0 - Interactor
- broomrapee1parasite
- Outcome
- segregation was observede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“segregation was observed in H. debilis subsp. cucumerifolius and H. exilis”
e1“broomrape seed”
Claim · model-written summary
H. exilis segregated for resistance.
- Taxon
- H. exilis
Helianthus exilise0 - Interactor
- broomrapee1parasite
- Outcome
- segregation was observede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“segregation was observed in H. debilis subsp. cucumerifolius and H. exilis”
e1“broomrape seed”
Claim · model-written summary
7.2% of cultivated sunflower accessions were fully resistant.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Interactor
- broomrapee1parasite
- Outcome
- fully resistante0
- Value
- 7.2%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Only 7.2% of the accessions of cultivated sunflower tested were fully resistant”
e1“broomrape seed”
Claim · model-written summary
20% of cultivated sunflower accessions segregated for resistance.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse1
- Interactor
- broomrapee2parasite
- Outcome
- segregating for resistancee0
- Value
- 20%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with 20% of them segregating for resistance”
e1“accessions of cultivated sunflower tested”
e2“broomrape seed”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that resistant sunflower cultivars could be developed from the observed germplasm.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Outcome
- development of sunflower cultivars resistant to this new race of the parasite is feasiblee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“development of sunflower cultivars resistant to this new race of the parasite is feasible”