Abstract
Nitrogen availability and drought influence wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) grain yields in the semiarid and subhumid Pampas region of Argentina. The application of fertilizers containing osmoprotectants, such as glycinebetaine, to crop canopies might reduce crop losses caused by environmental stresses. The objectives of this study were (a) to determine the effects on wheat grain yields of the foliar application of a commercial fertilizer with glycinebetaine, and (b) to establish, under farmers’ field conditions, the relation between soil properties and the productivity of wheat crops treated with the same product. Two experiments were conducted in the north‐western part of the Buenos Aires province of Argentina on Typic Hapludolls and Entic Hapludolls. In the first, the treatments were N fertilization (0, 23 and 46 kg ha −1 ) and the foliar application to the wheat crop, in the vegetative stages, of a foliar fertilizer containing N, P, Zn and glycinebetaine (0 and 2.5 l ha −1 ). The second experiment was carried out on 10 farmers’ fields, for each of which the treatment was the foliar application to the wheat crop, in the vegetative stages, of the same foliar fertilizer (0 and 2.5 l ha −1 ). In both experiments, the grain yield, the individual grain weight, the number of grains per spike and the spike and plant density at the physiological maturity of the crops were determined. Soil organic matter (SOM) and available P were determined in each of the 10 fields of the second experiment. Wheat grain yields were increased by N fertilization and glycinebetaine treatment. The number of grains per spike was higher in the treatments with glycinebetaine application. In the farmers’ fields, the grain yields of the treatments with the application of the product with glycinebetaine were, on average, 18 % higher than those of the non‐treated plots, with greater responses at sites with low SOM levels. We conclude that, in subhumid regions with a dry period between the tillering and flowering stages of wheat, the foliar application of foliar fertilizers containing glycinebetaine at the vegetative stages of crop development enhances grain yields by increasing the number of grains per spike. This response is independent of the SOM level or the N fertilization rate.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization increased wheat grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- N fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- Wheat grain yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Wheat grain yields were increased by N fertilization and glycinebetaine treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Glycinebetaine fertilizer increased wheat grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- glycinebetaine treatmente0
- Outcome
- Wheat grain yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Wheat grain yields were increased by N fertilization and glycinebetaine treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Glycinebetaine application increased grains per spike.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- glycinebetaine applicatione0
- Outcome
- number of grains per spikee0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“The number of grains per spike was higher in the treatments with glycinebetaine application”
Claim · model-written summary
Treated farmers’ fields yielded 18 % more grain on average than untreated plots.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- application of the product with glycinebetainee0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 18 %e0
- Comparator
- non‐treated plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“the grain yields of the treatments with the application of the product with glycinebetaine were, on average, 18 % higher than those of the non‐treated plots”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield responses to glycinebetaine were greater where soil organic matter was low.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- responsese0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Setting
- sites with low SOM levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“with greater responses at sites with low SOM levels”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude the foliar fertilizer enhances yield through more grains per spike under subhumid dry-period conditions.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- foliar application of foliar fertilizers containing glycinebetainee0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Qualifier
- increasing the number of grains per spikee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“in subhumid regions with a dry period between the tillering and flowering stages of wheat, the foliar application of foliar fertilizers containing glycinebetaine at the vegetative stages of crop development enhances grain yields by increasing the number of grains per spike”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors state that the yield response is independent of soil organic matter and nitrogen fertilization rate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- This responsee0
- Qualifier
- independent of the SOM level or the N fertilization ratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“This response is independent of the SOM level or the N fertilization rate”
The same questions in other papers
glycine betaine · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →fertilization · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
3,114 papers in the same direction as this paper · 284 in the opposite direction · 39 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- negative
3,434 papers more in this group
See all 3,438 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.