Abstract
Application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer is one of the most important approaches on improving maize grain yield. However, as is known to all, overuse N fertilizer not only leads to decline of N use efficiency and maize yield, but also leads to potential risk to environment pollution. This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of N fertilizer applications with nine different treatments on soil physical-chemical characters and maize grain yield using hybrid variety Zhengdan 958 in 2011 and 2012. Results indicated that the soil bulk densities of T2 (CK) and T1 were the lowest compared to other treatments in 2011 and 2012, respectively, whereas the soil bulk density of T5 in 2011 and T3 in 2012 were higher than other treatments. The soil porosity and field capacity of T5 in 2011 and T3 in 2012 were lower than other treatments, but those of CK in 2011 and T1 in 2012 were higher than other treatments. The pH values of T3 to T7 were lower than other treatments. These results indicated that the soil bulk densities were increased, whereas the soil porosity, field capacity and values pH were decreased by N application at different stages. N application could increase the N contents of leaf and stem, whereas less or excess N application should not significant improve maize yield. Although the soil organic matter and total N contents of T3 were the highest in both 2011 and 2012, the yield of T4 is the highest in both 2011 and 2012. The application amount, period and times of N fertilizer were important to maize yield.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
T2 in 2011 and T1 in 2012 had the lowest soil bulk densities.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the soil bulk densities of T2 (CK) and T1 were the lowest compared to other treatments in 2011 and 2012, respectively”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
T5 in 2011 and T3 in 2012 had higher soil bulk density than other treatments.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the soil bulk density of T5 in 2011 and T3 in 2012 were higher than other treatments”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
T5 in 2011 and T3 in 2012 had lower soil porosity than other treatments.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The soil porosity and field capacity of T5 in 2011 and T3 in 2012 were lower than other treatments”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
T5 in 2011 and T3 in 2012 had lower field capacity than other treatments.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The soil porosity and field capacity of T5 in 2011 and T3 in 2012 were lower than other treatments”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
CK in 2011 and T1 in 2012 had higher porosity and field capacity.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The soil porosity and field capacity of T5 in 2011 and T3 in 2012 were lower than other treatments, but those of CK in 2011 and T1 in 2012 were higher than other treatments”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
T3 through T7 had lower pH than other treatments.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The pH values of T3 to T7 were lower than other treatments”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application increased soil bulk density.
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the soil bulk densities were increased”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application decreased soil porosity, field capacity, and pH.
- Treatment
- N application at different stagese0
- Outcome
- soil porosity, field capacity and values pHe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the soil porosity, field capacity and values pH were decreased by N application at different stages”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application increased leaf and stem nitrogen contents.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N application could increase the N contents of leaf and stem”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Low or excessive nitrogen did not significantly improve maize yield.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“less or excess N application should not significant improve maize yield”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
T3 had highest soil organic matter and total nitrogen in both years.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the soil organic matter and total N contents of T3 were the highest in both 2011 and 2012”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
T4 had highest yield in both years.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the yield of T4 is the highest in both 2011 and 2012”
t0“Maize”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
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