Abstract
Weeds are a perennial problem in coconut plantations and cause significant losses in the nut yield. The occurrence of a wide range of weeds also causes difficulties in their eradication. The influence of five different weed management practises on the distribution and composition of the soil weed seed bank in coconut plantations in the low‐country dry zone of Sri Lanka was evaluated. The treatments imposed included the application of glyphosate (N‐[phosphonomethyl]‐glycine), cover cropping with Pueraria phaseoloides , tractor harrowing, tractor slashing, and tractor plowing. All the treatments were applied twice per year, except for the cover cropping treatment. In terms of a reduction in the weed biomass, the application of glyphosate and cover cropping ( Pueraria ) were more efficient in reducing the ground weed population. These methods were very effective in reducing the weed seed density in the top soil layers. Plowing and harrowing significantly reduced the seed bank in the top soil layers and shifted significant numbers of weed seeds to deeper soil profiles. However, the total germinated weed seed count increased by 123.5, 691.4, 1133.1, and 1216.5% in the 10–15, 15–20, 20–25, and 25–30 cm soil depths, respectively, compared with the initial germinated weed seed count in the plowing treatment. Considering all the soil layers, the decline in the germinating weed seed count was very high in the treatment plots with cover cropping and the application of glyphosate; thus, these are considered to be the best practises to reduce the germinating weed seed count in the soil of coconut plantations.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate application reduced weed biomass and ground weed population efficiently.
- Taxon
- coconute2
- Treatment
- application of glyphosatee0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- ground weed populatione0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the application of glyphosate and cover cropping ( Pueraria ) were more efficient in reducing the ground weed population”
e1“In terms of a reduction in the weed biomass”
e2“soil weed seed bank in coconut plantations in the low‐country dry zone of Sri Lanka”
Claim · model-written summary
Pueraria cover cropping reduced ground weed population efficiently.
- Taxon
- coconute1
- Treatment
- cover cropping ( Pueraria )e0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- ground weed populatione0
- Direction
- reducinge0
PuerariaNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cover cropping ( Pueraria ) were more efficient in reducing the ground weed population”
e1“soil weed seed bank in coconut plantations in the low‐country dry zone of Sri Lanka”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate application reduced topsoil weed seed density.
- Taxon
- coconute2
- Treatment
- application of glyphosatee1
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed seed densitye0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedOrgan / stageComparator
Verbatim
e0“These methods were very effective in reducing the weed seed density in the top soil layers.”
e1“the application of glyphosate (N‐[phosphonomethyl]‐glycine)”
e2“soil weed seed bank in coconut plantations in the low‐country dry zone of Sri Lanka”
Claim · model-written summary
Pueraria cover cropping reduced topsoil weed seed density.
- Taxon
- coconute2
- Treatment
- cover cropping with Pueraria phaseoloidese1
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Second interactor
- Pueraria phaseoloides
Neustanthus phaseoloidese1other - Outcome
- weed seed densitye0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These methods were very effective in reducing the weed seed density in the top soil layers.”
e1“cover cropping with Pueraria phaseoloides”
e2“soil weed seed bank in coconut plantations in the low‐country dry zone of Sri Lanka”
Claim · model-written summary
Plowing significantly reduced topsoil weed seed bank and moved seeds deeper.
- Taxon
- coconute1
- Treatment
- Plowinge0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- seed bank in the top soil layerse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Plowing and harrowing significantly reduced the seed bank in the top soil layers and shifted significant numbers of weed seeds to deeper soil profiles.”
e1“soil weed seed bank in coconut plantations in the low‐country dry zone of Sri Lanka”
Claim · model-written summary
Harrowing significantly reduced topsoil weed seed bank and moved seeds deeper.
- Taxon
- coconute1
- Treatment
- harrowinge0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- seed bank in the top soil layerse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Plowing and harrowing significantly reduced the seed bank in the top soil layers and shifted significant numbers of weed seeds to deeper soil profiles.”
e1“soil weed seed bank in coconut plantations in the low‐country dry zone of Sri Lanka”
Claim · model-written summary
Plowing increased germinated weed seed count 123.5% at 10–15 cm.
Verbatim
e0“the total germinated weed seed count increased by 123.5, 691.4, 1133.1, and 1216.5% in the 10–15, 15–20, 20–25, and 25–30 cm soil depths, respectively, compared with the initial germinated weed seed count in the plowing treatment.”
e1“soil weed seed bank in coconut plantations in the low‐country dry zone of Sri Lanka”
Claim · model-written summary
Plowing increased germinated weed seed count 691.4% at 15–20 cm.
Verbatim
e0“the total germinated weed seed count increased by 123.5, 691.4, 1133.1, and 1216.5% in the 10–15, 15–20, 20–25, and 25–30 cm soil depths, respectively, compared with the initial germinated weed seed count in the plowing treatment.”
e1“soil weed seed bank in coconut plantations in the low‐country dry zone of Sri Lanka”
Claim · model-written summary
Plowing increased germinated weed seed count 1133.1% at 20–25 cm.
Verbatim
e0“the total germinated weed seed count increased by 123.5, 691.4, 1133.1, and 1216.5% in the 10–15, 15–20, 20–25, and 25–30 cm soil depths, respectively, compared with the initial germinated weed seed count in the plowing treatment.”
e1“soil weed seed bank in coconut plantations in the low‐country dry zone of Sri Lanka”
Claim · model-written summary
Plowing increased germinated weed seed count 1216.5% at 25–30 cm.
Verbatim
e0“the total germinated weed seed count increased by 123.5, 691.4, 1133.1, and 1216.5% in the 10–15, 15–20, 20–25, and 25–30 cm soil depths, respectively, compared with the initial germinated weed seed count in the plowing treatment.”
e1“soil weed seed bank in coconut plantations in the low‐country dry zone of Sri Lanka”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors favor cover cropping and glyphosate to reduce germinating weed seeds in coconut plantation soil.
Verbatim
e0“cover cropping and the application of glyphosate; thus, these are considered to be the best practises to reduce the germinating weed seed count in the soil of coconut plantations.”
The same questions in other papers
Neustanthus phaseoloides · weed · Cocos nucifera (coconut palm)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
glyphosate · weed · Cocos nucifera (coconut palm)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
cover crop · weed · Cocos nucifera (coconut palm)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.