Abstract
Twenty-two field experiments (six maize (Zea mays L.) and five soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] using low glyphosate doses to assess weed control and six maize and five soybean using high glyphosate doses to assess tolerance) were conducted from 2010 to 2012 at two locations in southern Ontario, Canada to compare the commercially available glyphosate formulations of Roundup Weather MAX?, Clearout?41 Plus, and Wise Up? (WeatherMAX, Clearout, and WiseUp, respectively). Inmaize and soybean, control of velvetleaf, pigweed species, common lambs quarters, and green foxtail 4 weeks after treatment (WAT) using 900 g·ae·ha-1 ranged from at least 85% to 99%, regardless of formulation. By 8 WAT with 900 g·ae·ha-1, control of these weeds generally declined, but still ranged from 82% to 97% across all formulations. At harvest, maize yields were similar to the weed-free control for 900 g·ae·ha-1 of glyphosate as WeatherMAX and Clearout; however, reduced weed control with WiseUp resulted in an 8.8% yield loss. For soybean, yields were similar to the weed-free control, regardless of formulation or dose. In the tolerance experiments, 2.1% and 2.8% injury was observed 4 WAT for maize treated with 3600 g·ae·ha-1 of glyphosate as WeatherMAX and WiseUp, respectively. However, maize yields were unaffected by glyphosate formulation or dose. In soybean, visible injury of 8.5%, 4.5%, and 3.7% was observed 1 WAT with 5400 g·ae·ha-1 of glyphosate as WeatherMAX, WiseUp, and Clearout, respectively; by 8 WAT, visible injury was similar to the untreated control, regardless of formulation or dose. The early injury from 5400 g·ae·ha-1 of glyphosate resulted in 8.5%, 4.6%, and 5.5% yield loss for the WeatherMAX, WiseUp, and Clearout formulations, respectively.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Weed control at four weeks ranged from 85% to 99% across formulations.
- Treatment
- 900 g·ae·ha-1e0
- Interactor
- velvetleaf
Abutilon theophrastie0weed - Outcome
- control of velvetleaf, pigweed species, common lambs quarters, and green foxtaile0
- Value
- at least 85% to 99%e0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“control of velvetleaf, pigweed species, common lambs quarters, and green foxtail 4 weeks after treatment (WAT) using 900 g·ae·ha-1 ranged from at least 85% to 99%, regardless of formulation.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed control declined by eight weeks but remained 82% to 97%.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Outcome
- control of these weedse0
- Direction
- declinede0
- Value
- 82% to 97%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“control of these weeds generally declined, but still ranged from 82% to 97% across all formulations.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yield under WeatherMAX or Clearout was similar to the weed-free control.
- Treatment
- 900 g·ae·ha-1 of glyphosate as WeatherMAX and Clearoute0
- Outcome
- maize yieldse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- weed-free controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maize yields were similar to the weed-free control for 900 g·ae·ha-1 of glyphosate as WeatherMAX and Clearout”
Claim · model-written summary
WiseUp caused an 8.8% maize yield loss with reduced weed control.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced weed control with WiseUp resulted in an 8.8% yield loss.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean yields were similar to weed-free control regardless of formulation or dose.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- formulation or dosee0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- weed-free controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For soybean, yields were similar to the weed-free control, regardless of formulation or dose.”
Claim · model-written summary
WeatherMAX at 3600 g·ae·ha-1 caused 2.1% maize injury at four weeks.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“2.1% and 2.8% injury was observed 4 WAT for maize treated with 3600 g·ae·ha-1 of glyphosate as WeatherMAX and WiseUp, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
WiseUp at 3600 g·ae·ha-1 caused 2.8% maize injury at four weeks.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“2.1% and 2.8% injury was observed 4 WAT for maize treated with 3600 g·ae·ha-1 of glyphosate as WeatherMAX and WiseUp, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yields were unaffected by glyphosate formulation or dose.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maize yields were unaffected by glyphosate formulation or dose.”
Claim · model-written summary
WeatherMAX at 5400 g·ae·ha-1 caused 8.5% soybean injury at one week.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- 5400 g·ae·ha-1 of glyphosate as WeatherMAXe0
- Outcome
- visible injurye0
- Value
- 8.5%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“visible injury of 8.5%, 4.5%, and 3.7% was observed 1 WAT with 5400 g·ae·ha-1 of glyphosate as WeatherMAX, WiseUp, and Clearout, respectively”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
WiseUp at 5400 g·ae·ha-1 caused 4.5% soybean injury at one week.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- WiseUpe0
- Outcome
- visible injurye0
- Value
- 4.5%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“visible injury of 8.5%, 4.5%, and 3.7% was observed 1 WAT with 5400 g·ae·ha-1 of glyphosate as WeatherMAX, WiseUp, and Clearout, respectively”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Clearout at 5400 g·ae·ha-1 caused 3.7% soybean injury at one week.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Clearoute0
- Outcome
- visible injurye0
- Value
- 3.7%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“visible injury of 8.5%, 4.5%, and 3.7% was observed 1 WAT with 5400 g·ae·ha-1 of glyphosate as WeatherMAX, WiseUp, and Clearout, respectively”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean injury at eight weeks was similar to untreated control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- visible injurye0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“by 8 WAT, visible injury was similar to the untreated control, regardless of formulation or dose.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
WeatherMAX caused 8.5% soybean yield loss.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- WeatherMAXe0
- Outcome
- yield losse0
- Value
- 8.5%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“8.5%, 4.6%, and 5.5% yield loss for the WeatherMAX, WiseUp, and Clearout formulations, respectively.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
WiseUp caused 4.6% soybean yield loss.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- WiseUpe0
- Outcome
- yield losse0
- Value
- 4.6%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“8.5%, 4.6%, and 5.5% yield loss for the WeatherMAX, WiseUp, and Clearout formulations, respectively.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Clearout caused 5.5% soybean yield loss.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Clearoute0
- Outcome
- yield losse0
- Value
- 5.5%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“8.5%, 4.6%, and 5.5% yield loss for the WeatherMAX, WiseUp, and Clearout formulations, respectively.”
t0“soybean”
The same questions in other papers
glyphosate · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
41 papers in the same direction as this paper · 29 in the opposite direction · 6 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
73 papers more in this group
See all 77 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.