Abstract
A matriconditioning procedure based on the matric properties of Micro-Cel E and expanded vermiculite #5 has proved effective in improving seedling emergence in growth chambers. The major objectives of this study were to examine some physical characteristics of the carriers and their effectiveness as preplant conditioning media in improving stand establishment of vegetable seeds in field plantings. Carrier characteristics included no detectable solute or osmotic potential, low electrical conductivity (0.48-0.04 mmho/cm), high water-retaining capacity (450% to 600%), a pH range of 7.0 to 8.4, and ability to effectively control seed hydration (conditioning) at low matric potential. The seed: carrier: water ratio for seed conditioning ranged from 1:0.3-0.5:1-2 (by weight). In a field trial, conditioning of `Long Imperator' and `Nantes' carrot (Daucus carota var. sativus Hoffm.) seeds reduced the time to 10% of final emergence (T 10 ) by 2.6 to 2.8 days and to 50% of final emergence (T 50 ) by 2.1 to 3.0 days. Conditioning increased the final emergence percentage by 39% in 1-year-old `Long Imperator' compared to 150% in 4-year-old `Nantes' seeds. In another field trial, the effect of conditioning on stand establishment was evaluated in `Jackpot' tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), `California Wonder' pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), and `BBL 47' snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) seeds. In tomato, conditioning reduced the T 10 by 0.9 day, had no effect on T 50 , and increased the emergence percentage by 86%. In pepper, conditioning reduced the T 10 and T 50 by 1.5 days and increased the percentage emergence by 30%. In snap bean seeds, conditioning in Micro-Ccl E reduced the T 10 and T 50 by 0.8 day but adversely affected the percentage emergence. Further reductions in T 10 and T 50 (1.2 and 1.6 days, respectively) and restoration of percentage emergence to control level occurred upon addition of 0.001 mM GA 3 during conditioning. Fungicides added to carrot, tomato, and pepper seeds, with or without conditioning, showed no additional improvements and, in a few cases, adversely affected emergence. A preplant conditioning in Micro-Ccl E, alone or in combination with GA 3 , smears to be a viable alternative to conditioning! seeds in liquid carriers. Chemical name used: gibberellic acid (GA 3 )
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Matriconditioning improved seedling emergence in growth chambers.
- Taxon
- Vegetable Seedst0
- Treatment
- matriconditioning proceduree0
- Outcome
- seedling emergencee0
- Direction
- improvinge0
- Setting
- growth chamberse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“A matriconditioning procedure based on the matric properties of Micro-Cel E and expanded vermiculite #5 has proved effective in improving seedling emergence in growth chambers”
t0“Vegetable Seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Conditioning shortened carrot T10 by 2.6 to 2.8 days.
- Taxon
- carrot
Daucus carotae0 - Material
- `Long Imperator' and `Nantes'e0
- Treatment
- conditioninge0
- Outcome
- time to 10% of final emergence (T 10 )e0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 2.6 to 2.8 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“conditioning of `Long Imperator' and `Nantes' carrot (Daucus carota var. sativus Hoffm.) seeds reduced the time to 10% of final emergence (T 10 ) by 2.6 to 2.8 days”
Claim · model-written summary
Conditioning shortened carrot T50 by 2.1 to 3.0 days.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae0
- Material
- `Long Imperator' and `Nantes'e0
- Treatment
- conditioninge0
- Outcome
- 50% of final emergence (T 50 )e0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 2.1 to 3.0 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“conditioning of `Long Imperator' and `Nantes' carrot (Daucus carota var. sativus Hoffm.) seeds reduced the time to 10% of final emergence (T 10 ) by 2.6 to 2.8 days and to 50% of final emergence (T 50 ) by 2.1 to 3.0 days”
Claim · model-written summary
Conditioning increased final emergence of one-year-old Long Imperator carrot seeds by 39%.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae1
- Material
- `Long Imperator'e0
- Treatment
- Conditioninge0
- Outcome
- final emergence percentagee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 39%e0
- Qualifier
- 1-year-olde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Conditioning increased the final emergence percentage by 39% in 1-year-old `Long Imperator'”
e1“carrot (Daucus carota var. sativus Hoffm.) seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Conditioning increased final emergence of four-year-old Nantes carrot seeds by 150%.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae1
- Material
- `Nantes'e0
- Treatment
- Conditioninge0
- Outcome
- final emergence percentagee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 150%e0
- Qualifier
- 4-year-olde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Conditioning increased the final emergence percentage by 39% in 1-year-old `Long Imperator' compared to 150% in 4-year-old `Nantes' seeds”
e1“carrot (Daucus carota var. sativus Hoffm.) seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Conditioning shortened tomato T10 by 0.9 day.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Material
- `Jackpot'e0
- Treatment
- conditioninge1
- Outcome
- T 10e1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 0.9 daye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“`Jackpot' tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)”
e1“In tomato, conditioning reduced the T 10 by 0.9 day”
Claim · model-written summary
Conditioning had no effect on tomato T50.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Material
- `Jackpot'e0
- Treatment
- conditioninge1
- Outcome
- T 50e1
- Direction
- no effecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“`Jackpot' tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)”
e1“In tomato, conditioning reduced the T 10 by 0.9 day, had no effect on T 50”
Claim · model-written summary
Conditioning increased tomato emergence by 86%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Material
- `Jackpot'e0
- Treatment
- conditioninge1
- Outcome
- emergence percentagee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 86%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“`Jackpot' tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)”
e1“In tomato, conditioning reduced the T 10 by 0.9 day, had no effect on T 50 , and increased the emergence percentage by 86%”
Claim · model-written summary
Conditioning shortened pepper T10 and T50 by 1.5 days.
- Taxon
- peppere0
- Material
- `California Wonder'e0
- Treatment
- conditioninge1
- Outcome
- T 10 and T 50e1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 1.5 dayse1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“`California Wonder' pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e1“In pepper, conditioning reduced the T 10 and T 50 by 1.5 days”
Claim · model-written summary
Conditioning increased pepper emergence by 30%.
- Taxon
- peppere0
- Material
- `California Wonder'e0
- Treatment
- conditioninge1
- Outcome
- percentage emergencee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 30%e1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“`California Wonder' pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e1“In pepper, conditioning reduced the T 10 and T 50 by 1.5 days and increased the percentage emergence by 30%”
Claim · model-written summary
Micro-Ccl E conditioning shortened snap bean T10 and T50 by 0.8 day.
- Taxon
- snap beane0
- Material
- `BBL 47'e0
- Treatment
- conditioning in Micro-Ccl Ee1
- Outcome
- T 10 and T 50e1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 0.8 daye1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“`BBL 47' snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)”
e1“In snap bean seeds, conditioning in Micro-Ccl E reduced the T 10 and T 50 by 0.8 day”
Claim · model-written summary
Micro-Ccl E conditioning adversely affected snap bean percentage emergence.
- Taxon
- snap beane0
- Material
- `BBL 47'e0
- Treatment
- conditioning in Micro-Ccl Ee1
- Outcome
- percentage emergencee1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“`BBL 47' snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)”
e1“In snap bean seeds, conditioning in Micro-Ccl E reduced the T 10 and T 50 by 0.8 day but adversely affected the percentage emergence”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding GA 3 during snap bean conditioning further shortened T10 by 1.2 days.
- Taxon
- snap beane1
- Treatment
- addition of 0.001 mM GA 3 during conditioninge0
- Outcome
- T 10e0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 1.2e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Further reductions in T 10 and T 50 (1.2 and 1.6 days, respectively) and restoration of percentage emergence to control level occurred upon addition of 0.001 mM GA 3 during conditioning”
e1“snap bean seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding GA 3 during snap bean conditioning further shortened T50 by 1.6 days.
- Taxon
- snap beane1
- Treatment
- addition of 0.001 mM GA 3 during conditioninge0
- Outcome
- T 50e0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 1.6 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Further reductions in T 10 and T 50 (1.2 and 1.6 days, respectively) and restoration of percentage emergence to control level occurred upon addition of 0.001 mM GA 3 during conditioning”
e1“snap bean seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding GA 3 restored snap bean emergence to the control level.
Verbatim
e0“restoration of percentage emergence to control level occurred upon addition of 0.001 mM GA 3 during conditioning”
e1“snap bean seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding fungicides produced no additional emergence improvement for carrot, tomato and pepper and sometimes worsened emergence.
Verbatim
e0“Fungicides added to carrot, tomato, and pepper seeds, with or without conditioning, showed no additional improvements and, in a few cases, adversely affected emergence”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors considered conditioning in Micro-Ccl E, alone or with GA 3, a viable preplant option.
Verbatim
e0“A preplant conditioning in Micro-Ccl E, alone or in combination with GA 3 , smears to be a viable alternative to conditioning! seeds in liquid carriers”
t0“Vegetable Seeds”
The same questions in other papers
Gibberellic acid · growth · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results differ
26 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- negative
26 papers more in this group
See all 30 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.