Abstract
Two crops of sorghum were grown in successive summer seasons at 3 sites on alkaline, black earth soils near Tamworth, New South Wales following either soyabeans, mungbeans, cowpeas, pigeonpeas, sunflowers or sorghum. Tillage practices were cultivation using a chisel plough and scarifier, and no-tillage using atrazine and glyphosate for weed control. Variation in grain yield (1.0-8.4 t/ha) was largely associated with variation in Dec.-Feb. rainfall (128-475 mm). An average of 15 kg grain/ha was produced for each mm water above the threshold value of 83 mm. At the high (Site A) and low (Site C) N-fertility sites, the rotation effect on sorghum yields was significant for one year, but did not carry over to a second sorghum crop. Cowpeas were the best rotation crop, followed by sunflowers mungbeans and soyabeans. At the low N-fertility site, sorghum following cowpeas outyielded sorghum after sorghum by 47% in the unfertilized plots and by an aExperiments to examine the effects of tillage practice and crop sequence on the production of sorghum grain in northern New South Wales are described. Two crops of sorghum were grown in successive seasons at three sites on alkaline, black earth soils near Tamworth following either soybean, mungbean, cowpea, pigeonpea, sunflower or sorghum. Tillage practices were cultivation using a chisel plough and scarifier, and no-tillage using atrazine and glyphosate for weed control. Variation in grain yield (1.0 to 8.4 t/ha) was largely associated with variation in December-February rainfall (128 to 475 mm). We calculated that an average of 15 kg/ha of grain was produced for each mm water above the threshold value of 83 rnm. At the high (Site A) and low (Site C) N-fertility sites, the rotation effect on sorghum yields was significant for one year, but did not carry over to a second sorghum crop. Cowpea was the best rotation crop, followed by sunflower, mungbean and soybean. At the low N-fertility site, sorghum following cowpea outyielded sorghum after sorghum by 47% in the unfertilized plots and by an average of 27% over all N treatments. It is likely that the increased yields of sorghum in the rotation plots resulted from higher levels of plant available N from both N2 fixation activity (legumes only) and reduced amounts of N removed with the harvested grain (particularly cowpea and sunflower). At the non-responsive, moderate-fertility Site B, water, rather than N, was limiting. Responses to no-tillage were apparent only in the very dry 1984/85 season (December to February rainfall, 42% below average). In the other three seasons, the cultivated crops outyielded the no-tilled crops or the differences between the two practices were not significant.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum grain yield varied from 1.0 to 8.4 t/ha with December-February rainfall.
SorghumNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Variation in grain yield (1.0 to 8.4 t/ha) was largely associated with variation in December-February rainfall (128 to 475 mm).”
t0“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
For each millimeter of water above 83 mm, average grain production was 15 kg/ha.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an average of 15 kg/ha of grain was produced for each mm water above the threshold value of 83 rnm”
t0“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Rotation affected sorghum yields significantly for one year at the high and low nitrogen fertility sites.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the high (Site A) and low (Site C) N-fertility sites, the rotation effect on sorghum yields was significant for one year, but did not carry over to a second sorghum crop. Cowpea was the best rotation crop”
e1“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Rotation effects did not carry over to the second sorghum crop.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the high (Site A) and low (Site C) N-fertility sites, the rotation effect on sorghum yields was significant for one year, but did not carry over to a second sorghum crop. Cowpea was the best rotation crop”
e1“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Cowpea was the best rotation crop.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cowpea was the best rotation crop, followed by sunflower, mungbean and soybean.”
e1“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunflower ranked after cowpea as a rotation crop.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cowpea was the best rotation crop, followed by sunflower, mungbean and soybean.”
e1“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Mungbean ranked after sunflower as a rotation crop.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cowpea was the best rotation crop, followed by sunflower, mungbean and soybean.”
e1“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean ranked after mungbean as a rotation crop.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cowpea was the best rotation crop, followed by sunflower, mungbean and soybean.”
e1“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Unfertilized sorghum after cowpea yielded 47% more than sorghum after sorghum at the low fertility site.
- Treatment
- following cowpeae0
- Outcome
- sorghume0
- Direction
- outyieldede0
- Value
- 47%e0
- Qualifier
- unfertilized plotse0
- Comparator
- sorghum after sorghume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the low N-fertility site, sorghum following cowpea outyielded sorghum after sorghum by 47% in the unfertilized plots”
Claim · model-written summary
Across nitrogen treatments, sorghum after cowpea yielded on average 27% more than sorghum after sorghum.
- Treatment
- following cowpeae0
- Outcome
- sorghume0
- Direction
- outyieldede0
- Value
- 27%e0
- Qualifier
- all N treatmentse0
- Comparator
- sorghum after sorghume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sorghum following cowpea outyielded sorghum after sorghum by 47% in the unfertilized plots and by an average of 27% over all N treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
At Site B, water rather than nitrogen limited production.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the non-responsive, moderate-fertility Site B, water, rather than N, was limiting.”
e1“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage responses appeared only in the very dry 1984/85 season.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Responses to no-tillage were apparent only in the very dry 1984/85 season (December to February rainfall, 42% below average).”
e1“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivated crops outyielded no-tilled crops in some of the other three seasons.
- Treatment
- cultivated cropse0
- Outcome
- cultivated cropse0
- Direction
- outyieldede0
- Comparator
- no-tilled cropse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the other three seasons, the cultivated crops outyielded the no-tilled crops or the differences between the two practices were not significant.”
e1“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
In some of the other three seasons, yield differences between cultivation and no-tillage were not significant.
- Treatment
- cultivated cropse0
- Outcome
- differences between the two practicese0
- Comparator
- no-tilled cropse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the other three seasons, the cultivated crops outyielded the no-tilled crops or the differences between the two practices were not significant.”
e1“sorghum”
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See all 47 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.