Abstract
Abstract Irrigated rice ( Oryza sativa L.) in West Africa covers about 12 % of the regional rice‐growing area, and is produced all along the agro‐ecological gradient from the forest zone to the Sahara desert margins. Spatial and temporal variability of yield gaps (i.e., difference between actual and potential yield) were determined to set priorities for research and target technologies. On‐farm trials were conducted on 191 irrigated lowland fields in the humid forest, the savanna and the Sahel. Farmers' yields were compared with those of super‐imposed treatments of improved fertilization and weed management. Farmers' yields varied between 0.2 and 8.7 Mg ha ‐1 , with average yields of 3.4 Mg ha ‐1 (Guinea savanna), 3.6 Mg ha ‐1 (humid forest), 3.9 Mg ha ‐1 (Sahel), and 5.1 Mg ha ‐1 (Sudan savanna). Simulated potential yields increased from 7 Mg ha ‐1 in the forest to about 10 Mg ha ‐1 in the Sahel. Accordingly, yield gaps were large, ranging from 3.2 to 5.9 Mg ha ‐1 . Researcher weed control in the Sahel gave grain yield increases of about 1.0 Mg ha ‐1 . Improved weed and N fertilization management increased yields by 1 to 2 Mg ha ‐1 in the forest and Guinea savanna sites. A share of 57‐80 % of the yield gap could not be accounted for. Improving weed control is likely to have the highest pay‐off in the Sahel while improved management of fertilizer N will be most beneficial in the forest and savanna environments.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Farmer yields ranged from 0.2 to 8.7 Mg ha ‐1.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Outcome
- Farmers' yieldse0
- Value
- 0.2 and 8.7 Mg ha ‐1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Farmers' yields varied between 0.2 and 8.7 Mg ha ‐1”
t0“Rice yield gaps in irrigated systems along an agro‐ecological gradient in West Africa”
Claim · model-written summary
Average yield in Guinea savanna was 3.4 Mg ha ‐1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- average yieldse0
- Value
- 3.4 Mg ha ‐1e0
- Setting
- Guinea savannae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“average yields of 3.4 Mg ha ‐1 (Guinea savanna)”
t0“Rice yield gaps in irrigated systems along an agro‐ecological gradient in West Africa”
Claim · model-written summary
Average yield in humid forest was 3.6 Mg ha ‐1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- yieldst1
- Value
- 3.6 Mg ha ‐1e0
- Setting
- humid foreste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“3.6 Mg ha ‐1 (humid forest)”
t0“Rice yield gaps in irrigated systems along an agro‐ecological gradient in West Africa”
t1“Farmers' yields were compared with those of super‐imposed treatments of improved fertilization and weed management.”
Claim · model-written summary
Average yield in Sahel was 3.9 Mg ha ‐1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- yieldst1
- Value
- 3.9 Mg ha ‐1e0
- Setting
- Sahele0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“3.9 Mg ha ‐1 (Sahel)”
t0“Rice yield gaps in irrigated systems along an agro‐ecological gradient in West Africa”
t1“Farmers' yields were compared with those of super‐imposed treatments of improved fertilization and weed management.”
Claim · model-written summary
Average yield in Sudan savanna was 5.1 Mg ha ‐1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- yieldst1
- Value
- 5.1 Mg ha ‐1e0
- Setting
- Sudan savannae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“5.1 Mg ha ‐1 (Sudan savanna)”
t0“Rice yield gaps in irrigated systems along an agro‐ecological gradient in West Africa”
t1“Farmers' yields were compared with those of super‐imposed treatments of improved fertilization and weed management.”
Claim · model-written summary
Simulated potential yield increased from 7 Mg ha ‐1 in forest to about 10 Mg ha ‐1 in Sahel.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- potential yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 7 Mg ha ‐1e0
- Qualifier
- about 10 Mg ha ‐1 in the Sahele0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Simulated potential yields increased from 7 Mg ha ‐1 in the forest to about 10 Mg ha ‐1 in the Sahel.”
t0“Rice yield gaps in irrigated systems along an agro‐ecological gradient in West Africa”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield gaps ranged from 3.2 to 5.9 Mg ha ‐1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- yield gapse0
- Value
- 3.2 to 5.9 Mg ha ‐1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yield gaps were large, ranging from 3.2 to 5.9 Mg ha ‐1”
t0“Rice yield gaps in irrigated systems along an agro‐ecological gradient in West Africa”
Claim · model-written summary
Researcher weed control raised Sahel grain yield by about 1.0 Mg ha ‐1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Researcher weed controle0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- about 1.0 Mg ha ‐1e0
- Setting
- Sahele0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Researcher weed control in the Sahel gave grain yield increases of about 1.0 Mg ha ‐1 .”
t0“Rice yield gaps in irrigated systems along an agro‐ecological gradient in West Africa”
Claim · model-written summary
Improved weed and N fertilizer management raised yields 1 to 2 Mg ha ‐1 in forest and Guinea savanna sites.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Improved weed and N fertilization managemente0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 1 to 2 Mg ha ‐1e0
- Setting
- forest and Guinea savanna sitese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Improved weed and N fertilization management increased yields by 1 to 2 Mg ha ‐1 in the forest and Guinea savanna sites.”
t0“Rice yield gaps in irrigated systems along an agro‐ecological gradient in West Africa”
Claim · model-written summary
Some 57‐80 % of the yield gap was unexplained.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- yield gap could not be accounted fore0
- Value
- 57‐80 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A share of 57‐80 % of the yield gap could not be accounted for.”
t0“Rice yield gaps in irrigated systems along an agro‐ecological gradient in West Africa”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed control is likely to have the highest payoff in Sahel.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- Improving weed controle0
- Qualifier
- likely to have the highest pay‐off in the Sahele0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Improving weed control is likely to have the highest pay‐off in the Sahel”
t0“Rice yield gaps in irrigated systems along an agro‐ecological gradient in West Africa”
Claim · model-written summary
Improved fertilizer N management is expected to be most beneficial in forest and savanna.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- improved management of fertilizer Ne0
- Qualifier
- most beneficial in the forest and savanna environmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“improved management of fertilizer N will be most beneficial in the forest and savanna environments.”
t0“Rice yield gaps in irrigated systems along an agro‐ecological gradient in West Africa”
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