Abstract
The ecologically similar species Crotonopsis elliptica and Croton monanthogynus were described by Steyermark in his Flora of Missouri as inhabitants of acid rock outcrop communities (sandstone, granite, chert) in the Ozarks but not of limestone outcrops. However, field observations and transect data confirm that C. monanthogynus can be abundant in Ozark limestone outcrop communities, codominating with Isanthus brachiatus and Heliotropium tenellum in the 5 cm to 11 cm soil depth zone, while almost never occurring on sandstone outcrops. Greenhouse experiments revealed that C. elliptica was healthy on sandstone soil, but stunted and sickly on limestone outcrop soil, consistent with its absence from calcareous substrates. In contrast, C. monanthogynus was healthy on both soils, and had greater growth on limestone than on sandstone soil. Contrary to Steyermark's characterization, C. monanthogynus grows abundantly on limestone soils, but is rare or absent on Ozark sandstone outcrops, not because of substrate intolerance, but probably because of competing species there.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
C. monanthogynus was abundant in limestone outcrops in the 5 cm to 11 cm soil depth zone.
- Taxon
- C. monanthogynus
Croton monanthogynuse0 - Outcome
- abundant in Ozark limestone outcrop communitiese0
- Qualifier
- 5 cm to 11 cm soil depth zonee0
- Setting
- Ozark limestone outcrop communitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“C. monanthogynus can be abundant in Ozark limestone outcrop communities, codominating with Isanthus brachiatus and Heliotropium tenellum in the 5 cm to 11 cm soil depth zone”
Claim · model-written summary
C. monanthogynus almost never occurred on sandstone outcrops.
- Taxon
- Croton monanthogynusCroton monanthogynust0
- Outcome
- almost never occurring on sandstone outcropse0
- Setting
- sandstone outcropse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“almost never occurring on sandstone outcrops”
t0“Croton monanthogynus”
Claim · model-written summary
C. elliptica was healthy on sandstone soil.
- Taxon
- C. elliptica
Croton michauxii var. ellipticuse0 - Outcome
- healthy on sandstone soile0
- Setting
- sandstone soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“C. elliptica was healthy on sandstone soil”
Claim · model-written summary
C. elliptica was stunted and sickly on limestone outcrop soil.
- Taxon
- C. ellipticaCroton michauxii var. ellipticuse0
- Outcome
- stunted and sickly on limestone outcrop soile0
- Setting
- limestone outcrop soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“C. elliptica was healthy on sandstone soil, but stunted and sickly on limestone outcrop soil”
Claim · model-written summary
C. monanthogynus was healthy on both soils.
- Taxon
- C. monanthogynusCroton monanthogynuse0
- Outcome
- healthy on both soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“C. monanthogynus was healthy on both soils”
Claim · model-written summary
C. monanthogynus grew more on limestone than sandstone soil.
- Taxon
- C. monanthogynusCroton monanthogynuse0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- sandstone soile0
- Setting
- limestonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“C. monanthogynus was healthy on both soils, and had greater growth on limestone than on sandstone soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Competition was proposed to explain the rarity of C. monanthogynus on sandstone.
- Taxon
- C. monanthogynusCroton monanthogynuse0
- Outcome
- rare or absent on Ozark sandstone outcropse0
- Qualifier
- probably because of competing species theree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“C. monanthogynus grows abundantly on limestone soils, but is rare or absent on Ozark sandstone outcrops, not because of substrate intolerance, but probably because of competing species there”