Abstract
Pilostyles boyacensis, a new Apodanthaceae from Colombia, is described and illustrated. The species was found between 2000 and 2415 m elevation, parasitizing Dalea cuatrecasasii (Fabaceae:Papilionoideae) in dry interandean valleys of the Colombian Eastern Cordillera. The species can be distinguished from its congeners by the monoecious condition, the small size (1.5–2.5 mm in diameter) of the almost cleistogamous and tubular flowers, and the presence of five or six white petals and three to four rows of pollen sacs. The locations of the new species are among the highest for the genus in the Americas, and are altitudinally isolated from the tetrapetalous P. thurberi, from S United States and Mexico, P. mexicana from Mexico, Honduras and Guatemala, P. blanchetii from Jamaica, Cayman Islands, Costa Rica, Panama, Venezuela, Brazil and N Argentina, and P. berteroi from Peru, Bolivia, Chile and Argentina, none of which (except P. thurberi) parasitizes Dalea. The Dalea-host life style suggests that P. boyacensis is closely related to P. thurberi. As in other Pilostyles, the new species exhibits isophasic growth, but unlike most species of the genus, both staminate and carpellate flowers are often found adjacent in the same flower row. The species sets flowers and fruits continuously at least from late November to late March, which corresponds to the driest months of the year in these areas. Camponotus ants and a black shield bug are frequent visitors to flowers and fruits, and might play an active role in seed dispersal.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Pilostyles boyacensis was described as a new species from Colombia.
- Taxon
- Pilostyles boyacensisPilostyles boyacensise0
- Outcome
- new Apodanthaceaee0
- Setting
- Colombiae0
Verbatim
e0“Pilostyles boyacensis, a new Apodanthaceae from Colombia, is described and illustrated.”
Claim · model-written summary
The species occurred at 2000–2415 m and parasitized Dalea cuatrecasasii.
- Taxon
- Pilostyles boyacensisPilostyles boyacensist0
- Interactor
- Dalea cuatrecasasiiDalea cuatrecasasiie0host
- Outcome
- parasitizing Dalea cuatrecasasiie0
- Value
- 2000 and 2415 me0
- Setting
- Colombian Eastern Cordillerae0
Verbatim
e0“The species was found between 2000 and 2415 m elevation, parasitizing Dalea cuatrecasasii (Fabaceae:Papilionoideae) in dry interandean valleys of the Colombian Eastern Cordillera.”
t0“Pilostyles boyacensis”
Claim · model-written summary
The species was distinguished by monoecy, small tubular flowers, five or six white petals, and three to four rows of pollen sacs.
- Taxon
- Pilostyles boyacensisPilostyles boyacensist0
- Organ / stage
- flowerse0
- Outcome
- monoecious conditione0
Verbatim
e0“The species can be distinguished from its congeners by the monoecious condition, the small size (1.5–2.5 mm in diameter) of the almost cleistogamous and tubular flowers, and the presence of five or six white petals and three to four rows of pollen sacs.”
t0“Pilostyles boyacensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Its locations are among the highest for the genus in the Americas.
- Taxon
- Pilostyles boyacensisPilostyles boyacensist0
- Outcome
- locations of the new speciese0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Setting
- Americase0
Verbatim
e0“The locations of the new species are among the highest for the genus in the Americas”
t0“Pilostyles boyacensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Its Dalea-host lifestyle suggests affinity with P. thurberi.
- Taxon
- P. boyacensisPilostyles boyacensise0
- Outcome
- closely related to P. thurberie0
DaleaNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Dalea-host life style suggests that P. boyacensis is closely related to P. thurberi.”
Claim · model-written summary
The new species exhibits isophasic growth.
- Taxon
- Pilostyles
Pilostylese0 - Outcome
- isophasic growthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As in other Pilostyles, the new species exhibits isophasic growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Staminate and carpellate flowers often occur adjacent in the same row.
- Taxon
- Pilostyles boyacensisPilostyles boyacensist0
- Organ / stage
- flower rowe0
- Outcome
- staminate and carpellate flowers are often found adjacente0
Verbatim
e0“both staminate and carpellate flowers are often found adjacent in the same flower row.”
t0“Pilostyles boyacensis”
Claim · model-written summary
The species flowers and fruits continuously from late November to late March.
- Taxon
- Pilostyles boyacensisPilostyles boyacensist0
- Outcome
- sets flowers and fruits continuouslye0
- Qualifier
- at least from late November to late Marche0
Verbatim
e0“The species sets flowers and fruits continuously at least from late November to late March”
t0“Pilostyles boyacensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Camponotus ants frequently visit flowers and fruits.
- Taxon
- Pilostyles boyacensisPilostyles boyacensist0
- Interactor
- Camponotus antse0other
- Outcome
- frequent visitors to flowers and fruitse0
Verbatim
e0“Camponotus ants and a black shield bug are frequent visitors to flowers and fruits”
t0“Pilostyles boyacensis”
Claim · model-written summary
A black shield bug frequently visits flowers and fruits.
- Taxon
- Pilostyles boyacensisPilostyles boyacensist0
- Interactor
- a black shield buge0other
- Outcome
- frequent visitors to flowers and fruitse0
Verbatim
e0“Camponotus ants and a black shield bug are frequent visitors to flowers and fruits”
t0“Pilostyles boyacensis”
Claim · model-written summary
The visitors might contribute to seed dispersal.
- Taxon
- Pilostyles boyacensisPilostyles boyacensist0
- Interactor
- Camponotus antse0other
- Second interactor
- a black shield buge0other
- Outcome
- seed dispersale0
Verbatim
e0“Camponotus ants and a black shield bug are frequent visitors to flowers and fruits, and might play an active role in seed dispersal.”
t0“Pilostyles boyacensis”