Abstract
Field studies were conducted in 2003 and 2004 to determine the effects of grassy weeds, postemergence grass control, transgenic rootworm-resistant corn, Zea mays L., expressing the Cry3Bb1 endotoxin and glyphosate herbicide tolerance (Bt corn), and the interactions of these factors on western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, damage and adult emergence. Three insect management tactics (Bt corn, its nontransgenic isoline, and isoline plus tefluthrin) were evaluated with two weed species (giant foxtail, Setaria faberi Herrm, and large crabgrass, Digitaria sanquinalis L. Scop), and four weed management regimes (weed free, no weed management, early [V3-4] weed management and late [V5-6] weed management) in a factorial arrangement of a randomized split split-plot design. In each case, the isoline was also tolerant to glyphosate. Root damage was significantly affected by insect management tactics in both years, but weed species and weed management did not significantly affect damage to Bt corn in either year. Adult emergence was significantly affected by insect management tactics in both years and by weed species in 2003, but weed management and the interaction of all three factors was not significant in either year. The sex ratio of female beetles produced on Bt corn without weeds was generally greater than when weeds were present and this difference was significant for several treatments each year. Average dry weight of male and female beetles emerging from Bt corn was greater than the weights of beetles emerging from isoline or isoline plus tefluthrin in 2003, but there was no difference for females in 2004 and males weighed significantly less than other treatments in 2004. The implications of these results in insect resistance management are discussed.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Insect management tactics significantly affected corn root damage in both years.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse1 - Treatment
- insect management tacticse0
- Outcome
- Root damagee0
Not reportedInteractorComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root damage was significantly affected by insect management tactics in both years”
e1“transgenic rootworm-resistant corn, Zea mays L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed species did not significantly affect damage to Bt corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- weed speciese0
- Outcome
- damage to Bt corne0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed species and weed management did not significantly affect damage to Bt corn in either year”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed management did not significantly affect damage to Bt corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- weed managemente0
- Outcome
- damage to Bt corne0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed species and weed management did not significantly affect damage to Bt corn in either year”
Claim · model-written summary
Insect management tactics significantly affected rootworm adult emergence in both years.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- insect management tacticse0
- Interactor
- western corn rootworm
Diabrotica virgifera virgiferae1pest - Outcome
- Adult emergencee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Adult emergence was significantly affected by insect management tactics in both years”
e1“western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte”
t0“Transgenic Corn on Western”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed species significantly affected adult emergence in 2003.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- weed speciese0
- Outcome
- Adult emergencee0
- Qualifier
- 2003e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Adult emergence was significantly affected by insect management tactics in both years and by weed species in 2003”
t0“Transgenic Corn on Western”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed management did not significantly affect adult emergence.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- weed managemente0
- Outcome
- Adult emergencee1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed management and the interaction of all three factors was not significant in either year”
e1“Adult emergence was significantly affected”
t0“Transgenic Corn on Western”
Claim · model-written summary
The three-factor interaction was not significant for adult emergence.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- interaction of all three factorse0
- Outcome
- Adult emergencee1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“interaction of all three factors was not significant in either year”
e1“Adult emergence was significantly affected”
t0“Transgenic Corn on Western”
Claim · model-written summary
Female beetle sex ratio was generally greater on weed-free Bt corn than on Bt corn with weeds.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- without weedse0
- Outcome
- sex ratio of female beetlese0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- several treatments each yeare0
- Comparator
- when weeds were presente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sex ratio of female beetles produced on Bt corn without weeds was generally greater than when weeds were present and this difference was significant for several treatments each year”
Claim · model-written summary
Male beetles emerging from Bt corn had greater average dry weight than those from the isoline or isoline plus tefluthrin in 2003.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Bt corne0
- Outcome
- Average dry weight of male and female beetlese0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- in 2003e0
- Comparator
- isoline or isoline plus tefluthrine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Average dry weight of male and female beetles emerging from Bt corn was greater than the weights of beetles emerging from isoline or isoline plus tefluthrin in 2003”
Claim · model-written summary
Female beetles emerging from Bt corn had greater average dry weight in 2003.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Bt corne0
- Outcome
- Average dry weight of male and female beetlese0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- isoline or isoline plus tefluthrine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Average dry weight of male and female beetles emerging from Bt corn was greater than the weights of beetles emerging from isoline or isoline plus tefluthrin in 2003”
Claim · model-written summary
Female beetle weight did not differ among treatments in 2004.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Bt corne1
- Outcome
- Average dry weight of male and female beetlese1
- Direction
- no differencee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was no difference for females in 2004”
e1“Average dry weight of male and female beetles emerging from Bt corn”
t0“Transgenic Corn on Western”
Claim · model-written summary
Male beetles from Bt corn weighed significantly less than other treatments in 2004.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Bt corne1
- Outcome
- males weighede0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“males weighed significantly less than other treatments in 2004”
e1“emerging from Bt corn was greater”
t0“Transgenic Corn on Western”
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See all 44 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.