Abstract
Integrated weed management (IWM) decision strategies in herbicide-resistant canola-production systems were assessed for net returns and relative risk. Data from two field experiments conducted during 1998 to 2000 at two locations in Alberta, Canada, were evaluated. A herbicide-based experiment included combinations of herbicide system (glufosinate-, glyphosate-, and imazethapyr-resistant canola varieties), herbicide rate (50 and 100% of recommended dose), and time of weed removal (two-, four-, and six-leaf stages of canola). A seed-based experiment included canola variety (hybrid and open-pollinated), seeding rate (100, 150, and 200 seeds m −2 ), and time of weed removal (two-, four-, and six-leaf stages of canola). For the herbicide-based experiment, strategies with glyphosate were profitable at Lacombe, but both imazethapyr and glyphosate strategies were profitable at Lethbridge. Weed control at the four-leaf stage was at least as profitable as the two-leaf stage at both sites. For the seed-based experiment, the hybrid was more profitable than the open-pollinated cultivar, seed rates of 100 and 150 seeds m −2 were more profitable than 200 seeds m −2 , and weed control at the two- and four-leaf stages was more profitable than at the six-leaf stage. When risk of returns and statistical significance was considered, several strategies were included in the risk-efficient set for risk-averse and risk-neutral attitudes at each location. However, the glyphosate-resistant cultivar, the 50% herbicide rate, and weed control at four-leaf stage were more frequent in the risk-efficient IWM strategy set. The open-pollinated cultivar, 200 seeds m −2 rate, and weed control at the six-leaf stage were less frequent in the set. The risk-efficient sets of IWM strategies were consistent across a range of canola prices.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate strategies were profitable at Lacombe.
- Taxon
- canola
.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napus var. napuse0 - Treatment
- glyphosatee1
- Outcome
- profitablee1
- Setting
- Lacombee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Integrated weed management (IWM) decision strategies in herbicide-resistant canola-production systems were assessed for net returns and relative risk”
e1“For the herbicide-based experiment, strategies with glyphosate were profitable at Lacombe, but both imazethapyr and glyphosate strategies were profitable at Lethbridge”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate strategies were profitable at Lethbridge.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee1
- Outcome
- profitablee1
- Setting
- Lethbridgee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Integrated weed management (IWM) decision strategies in herbicide-resistant canola-production systems were assessed for net returns and relative risk”
e1“For the herbicide-based experiment, strategies with glyphosate were profitable at Lacombe, but both imazethapyr and glyphosate strategies were profitable at Lethbridge”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr strategies were profitable at Lethbridge.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse0
- Treatment
- imazethapyre1
- Outcome
- profitablee1
- Setting
- Lethbridgee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Integrated weed management (IWM) decision strategies in herbicide-resistant canola-production systems were assessed for net returns and relative risk”
e1“For the herbicide-based experiment, strategies with glyphosate were profitable at Lacombe, but both imazethapyr and glyphosate strategies were profitable at Lethbridge”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed control at the four-leaf stage was at least as profitable as at the two-leaf stage at both sites.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse0
- Treatment
- Weed control at the four-leaf stagee1
- Outcome
- profitablee1
- Direction
- at least as profitablee1
- Comparator
- the two-leaf stagee1
- Setting
- both sitese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Integrated weed management (IWM) decision strategies in herbicide-resistant canola-production systems were assessed for net returns and relative risk”
e1“Weed control at the four-leaf stage was at least as profitable as the two-leaf stage at both sites”
Claim · model-written summary
The hybrid canola was more profitable than the open-pollinated cultivar.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse0
- Treatment
- hybride1
- Outcome
- profitablee1
- Direction
- more profitablee1
- Comparator
- open-pollinated cultivare1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Integrated weed management (IWM) decision strategies in herbicide-resistant canola-production systems were assessed for net returns and relative risk”
e1“the hybrid was more profitable than the open-pollinated cultivar”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed rates of 100 and 150 seeds m−2 were more profitable than 200 seeds m−2 in canola.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse0
- Treatment
- seed rates of 100 and 150 seeds m −2e1
- Outcome
- profitablee1
- Direction
- more profitablee1
- Comparator
- 200 seeds m −2e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Integrated weed management (IWM) decision strategies in herbicide-resistant canola-production systems were assessed for net returns and relative risk”
e1“seed rates of 100 and 150 seeds m −2 were more profitable than 200 seeds m −2”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed control at the two- and four-leaf stages was more profitable than at the six-leaf stage.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse0
- Treatment
- weed control at the two- and four-leaf stagese1
- Outcome
- profitablee1
- Direction
- more profitablee1
- Comparator
- the six-leaf stagee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Integrated weed management (IWM) decision strategies in herbicide-resistant canola-production systems were assessed for net returns and relative risk”
e1“weed control at the two- and four-leaf stages was more profitable than at the six-leaf stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Several weed-management strategies were included in the risk-efficient set for risk-averse and risk-neutral attitudes at each location.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse0
- Outcome
- strategies were included in the risk-efficient sete1
- Qualifier
- for risk-averse and risk-neutral attitudese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Integrated weed management (IWM) decision strategies in herbicide-resistant canola-production systems were assessed for net returns and relative risk”
e1“When risk of returns and statistical significance was considered, several strategies were included in the risk-efficient set for risk-averse and risk-neutral attitudes at each location”
Claim · model-written summary
The glyphosate-resistant cultivar was more frequent in the risk-efficient IWM strategy set.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse0
- Treatment
- glyphosate-resistant cultivare1
- Outcome
- frequent in the risk-efficient IWM strategy sete1
- Direction
- more frequente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Integrated weed management (IWM) decision strategies in herbicide-resistant canola-production systems were assessed for net returns and relative risk”
e1“However, the glyphosate-resistant cultivar, the 50% herbicide rate, and weed control at four-leaf stage were more frequent in the risk-efficient IWM strategy set”
Claim · model-written summary
The 50% herbicide rate was more frequent in the risk-efficient IWM strategy set.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse0
- Treatment
- 50% herbicide ratee1
- Outcome
- frequent in the risk-efficient IWM strategy sete1
- Direction
- more frequente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Integrated weed management (IWM) decision strategies in herbicide-resistant canola-production systems were assessed for net returns and relative risk”
e1“However, the glyphosate-resistant cultivar, the 50% herbicide rate, and weed control at four-leaf stage were more frequent in the risk-efficient IWM strategy set”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed control at the four-leaf stage was more frequent in the risk-efficient IWM strategy set.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse0
- Treatment
- weed control at four-leaf stagee1
- Outcome
- frequent in the risk-efficient IWM strategy sete1
- Direction
- more frequente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Integrated weed management (IWM) decision strategies in herbicide-resistant canola-production systems were assessed for net returns and relative risk”
e1“However, the glyphosate-resistant cultivar, the 50% herbicide rate, and weed control at four-leaf stage were more frequent in the risk-efficient IWM strategy set”
Claim · model-written summary
The open-pollinated cultivar was less frequent in the risk-efficient IWM strategy set.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse0
- Treatment
- open-pollinated cultivare1
- Outcome
- frequent in the sete1
- Direction
- less frequente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Integrated weed management (IWM) decision strategies in herbicide-resistant canola-production systems were assessed for net returns and relative risk”
e1“The open-pollinated cultivar, 200 seeds m −2 rate, and weed control at the six-leaf stage were less frequent in the set”
Claim · model-written summary
A seed rate of 200 seeds m−2 was less frequent in the risk-efficient IWM strategy set.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse0
- Treatment
- 200 seeds m −2 ratee1
- Outcome
- frequent in the sete1
- Direction
- less frequente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Integrated weed management (IWM) decision strategies in herbicide-resistant canola-production systems were assessed for net returns and relative risk”
e1“The open-pollinated cultivar, 200 seeds m −2 rate, and weed control at the six-leaf stage were less frequent in the set”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed control at the six-leaf stage was less frequent in the risk-efficient IWM strategy set.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse0
- Treatment
- weed control at the six-leaf stagee1
- Outcome
- frequent in the sete1
- Direction
- less frequente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Integrated weed management (IWM) decision strategies in herbicide-resistant canola-production systems were assessed for net returns and relative risk”
e1“The open-pollinated cultivar, 200 seeds m −2 rate, and weed control at the six-leaf stage were less frequent in the set”
Claim · model-written summary
The risk-efficient sets of IWM strategies were consistent across a range of canola prices.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse0
- Outcome
- risk-efficient sets of IWM strategiese1
- Qualifier
- across a range of canola pricese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Integrated weed management (IWM) decision strategies in herbicide-resistant canola-production systems were assessed for net returns and relative risk”
e1“The risk-efficient sets of IWM strategies were consistent across a range of canola prices”
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- negative
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See all 86 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.