Abstract
Field studies were conducted in 2001 in Lewiston, NC, and in 2002 at Clayton and Lewiston, NC, to investigate the response of nontransgenic cotton to simulated glyphosate drift in a weed-free environment. Nontransgenic cotton variety ‘Fibermax 989’ was planted in a conventional seedbed at all locations. Glyphosate treatments were applied early postemergence (EPOST) at the four-leaf growth stage of cotton at 0, 8.7, 17.5, 35, 70, 140, 280, 560, and 1,120 g ai/ha and represent 0, 0.78, 1.55, 3.13, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100% of the commercial use rate, respectively. Rates as low as 140 g/ha caused lint yield reductions depending on year and location. When averaged over all locations, lint yield reductions of 4, 49, 72, and 87% compared with nontreated cotton were observed with glyphosate rates of 140, 280, 560, and 1,120 g/ha, respectively. Visual injury and shikimic acid accumulation were evident at glyphosate rates greater or equal to 70 g/ha. Collectively, visual injury and shikimic acid accumulation at 7 d after EPOST treatment might be used as a diagnostic indicator to predict potential yield reductions from simulated glyphosate drift.Nomenclature: Glyphosate; cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. ‘Fibermax 989’.Additional index words: Shikimic acid.Abbreviations: DAT, days after early postemergence treatment; DD, degree-day; EPOST, early postemergence; EPSPS, 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase [EC 2.5.1.19]; HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography; PDS, postemergence-directed; POST, postemergence; PRE, preemergence.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate at 140 g/ha reduced lint yield by 4% versus nontreated cotton across locations.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume1 - Material
- ‘Fibermax 989’e1
- Treatment
- glyphosate rates of 140e0
- Outcome
- lint yielde0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 4e0
- Comparator
- nontreated cottone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lint yield reductions of 4, 49, 72, and 87% compared with nontreated cotton were observed with glyphosate rates of 140, 280, 560, and 1,120 g/ha, respectively”
e1“nontransgenic cotton variety ‘Fibermax 989’”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate at 280 g/ha reduced lint yield by 49% versus nontreated cotton.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Material
- ‘Fibermax 989’e1
- Treatment
- 280e0
- Outcome
- lint yielde0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 49e0
- Comparator
- nontreated cottone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lint yield reductions of 4, 49, 72, and 87% compared with nontreated cotton were observed with glyphosate rates of 140, 280, 560, and 1,120 g/ha, respectively”
e1“nontransgenic cotton variety ‘Fibermax 989’”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate at 560 g/ha reduced lint yield by 72% versus nontreated cotton.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Material
- ‘Fibermax 989’e1
- Treatment
- 560e0
- Outcome
- lint yielde0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 72e0
- Comparator
- nontreated cottone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lint yield reductions of 4, 49, 72, and 87% compared with nontreated cotton were observed with glyphosate rates of 140, 280, 560, and 1,120 g/ha, respectively”
e1“nontransgenic cotton variety ‘Fibermax 989’”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate at 1,120 g/ha reduced lint yield by 87% versus nontreated cotton.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Material
- ‘Fibermax 989’e1
- Treatment
- 1,120 g/hae0
- Outcome
- lint yielde0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 87%e0
- Comparator
- nontreated cottone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lint yield reductions of 4, 49, 72, and 87% compared with nontreated cotton were observed with glyphosate rates of 140, 280, 560, and 1,120 g/ha, respectively”
e1“nontransgenic cotton variety ‘Fibermax 989’”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate at 70 g/ha or more produced visible injury in cotton.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Material
- ‘Fibermax 989’e1
- Treatment
- glyphosate rates greater or equal to 70 g/hae0
- Outcome
- Visual injurye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Visual injury and shikimic acid accumulation were evident at glyphosate rates greater or equal to 70 g/ha”
e1“nontransgenic cotton variety ‘Fibermax 989’”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate at 70 g/ha or more caused shikimic acid accumulation in cotton.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Material
- ‘Fibermax 989’e1
- Treatment
- glyphosate rates greater or equal to 70 g/hae0
- Outcome
- shikimic acid accumulatione0
- Direction
- accumulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Visual injury and shikimic acid accumulation were evident at glyphosate rates greater or equal to 70 g/ha”
e1“nontransgenic cotton variety ‘Fibermax 989’”
Claim · model-written summary
Visible injury and shikimic acid accumulation at 7 days after EPOST might predict glyphosate drift yield loss.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Material
- ‘Fibermax 989’e1
- Outcome
- diagnostic indicator to predict potential yield reductionse0
- Qualifier
- might be usede0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“visual injury and shikimic acid accumulation at 7 d after EPOST treatment might be used as a diagnostic indicator to predict potential yield reductions from simulated glyphosate drift”
e1“nontransgenic cotton variety ‘Fibermax 989’”
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