Abstract
Contamination of soil by heavy metals (Cd) is of widespread occurrence as a result of human agriculture and industrial activities. Cd induced reduction in the number of flowers and in vitro pollen germination but did not affect pollen viability. However it stimulated tube growth, decreased number of ovules/pistil (ovules were morphologically normal and receptive), inhibited number of pods, seeds, seed weight/ plant and 100 seed weight. Cd treatment did not affect starch content but increase protein content in physiologically mature seed. Significant yield reduction was obtained only in Alfisol and Ultisol amended with higher rate of Cd- enriched sewage sludge/city compost. The amount of cadmium in leachates remained more or less similar to the original values. The applied Cd remains in the top 10 cm soil (87-96%) and this resulted in lower recovery of heavy metals in the leachates (Cd 8.3%).
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium reduced flower number and in vitro pollen germination.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Cd induced reduction in the number of flowers and in vitro pollen germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium did not affect pollen viability.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Cd induced reduction in the number of flowers and in vitro pollen germination but did not affect pollen viability”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium stimulated pollen tube growth.
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparator
Verbatim
e0“However it stimulated tube growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium decreased ovules per pistil.
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparator
Verbatim
e0“decreased number of ovules/pistil”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium inhibited pod number, seed number, seed weight per plant and 100 seed weight.
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparator
Verbatim
e0“inhibited number of pods, seeds, seed weight/ plant and 100 seed weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium did not affect starch content in mature seed.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Cd treatment did not affect starch content”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium increased protein content in mature seed.
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparator
Verbatim
e0“increase protein content in physiologically mature seed”
Claim · model-written summary
High cadmium enriched sludge or compost significantly reduced yield in Alfisol and Ultisol.
- Treatment
- higher rate of Cd- enriched sewage sludge/city composte0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Setting
- Alfisol and Ultisole0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Significant yield reduction was obtained only in Alfisol and Ultisol amended with higher rate of Cd- enriched sewage sludge/city compost”