Abstract
The exogenous application of cytokinins through seed pre-treatment is reported to be involved in plant tolerance to salt stress. It was hypothesized that cytokinins could regulate the salinity-induced changes in hormonal balance for adequate physiological adaptation to stressful environments in plants. Thus, the present studies aimed to assess the effects of pre-sowing seed treatment with varying levels (100, 150 and 200 mg l–1) of cytokinins, namely kinetin (Kin) and benzylaminopurine (BAP), on growth, yield, and leaves’ endogenous levels of salicylic acid and polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) in two spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars, MH-97 (salt intolerant) and Inqlab-91 (salt tolerant). The primed and non-primed seeds were sown in a field in which NaCl salinity of 15 dS m–1 was developed. The experiments were conducted during the years 2002 and 2003. Of the different priming agents, Kin was very effective, particularly in improving growth and grain yield in both cultivars. Priming with mild concentration (100 mg l–1) of Kin in the salt intolerant and moderate concentrations (150 mg l–1) of BAP and Kin in the tolerant cultivar increased leaf free salicylic acid under saline conditions. BAP priming increased leaf free polyamines (Spermidine and Spermine) in both cultivars under salt stress. Plants of the salt tolerant cultivar raised from non-primed seeds accumulated more putrescine in the leaves as compared with plants raised from primed seeds. In conclusion, seed priming with moderate concentration of Kin showed a consistent beneficial effect on growth and grain yield in both cultivars under salt stress. The mechanism by which Kin-priming induced salt tolerance in wheat plants remains unclear.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Kinetin priming improved growth under salinity in both cultivars.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Kine0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- improvinge0
- Comparator
- different priming agentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Of the different priming agents, Kin was very effective, particularly in improving growth and grain yield in both cultivars.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Kinetin priming improved grain yield under salinity in both cultivars.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Kine0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- improvinge0
- Comparator
- different priming agentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Of the different priming agents, Kin was very effective, particularly in improving growth and grain yield in both cultivars.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
100 mg l–1 kinetin priming increased leaf free salicylic acid in salt-intolerant wheat under saline conditions.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- salt intolerante0
- Treatment
- 100 mg l–1) of Kine0
- Outcome
- leaf free salicylic acide0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- under saline conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Priming with mild concentration (100 mg l–1) of Kin in the salt intolerant and moderate concentrations (150 mg l–1) of BAP and Kin in the tolerant cultivar increased leaf free salicylic acid under saline conditions.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
150 mg l–1 BAP priming increased leaf free salicylic acid in salt-tolerant wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- tolerant cultivare0
- Treatment
- 150 mg l–1) of BAPe0
- Outcome
- leaf free salicylic acide0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Priming with mild concentration (100 mg l–1) of Kin in the salt intolerant and moderate concentrations (150 mg l–1) of BAP and Kin in the tolerant cultivar increased leaf free salicylic acid under saline conditions.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
150 mg l–1 kinetin priming increased leaf free salicylic acid in salt-tolerant wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- tolerant cultivare0
- Treatment
- Kine0
- Outcome
- leaf free salicylic acide0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- 150 mg l–1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Priming with mild concentration (100 mg l–1) of Kin in the salt intolerant and moderate concentrations (150 mg l–1) of BAP and Kin in the tolerant cultivar increased leaf free salicylic acid under saline conditions.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
BAP priming increased free spermidine and spermine in leaves of both cultivars under salt stress.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- BAP priminge0
- Outcome
- leaf free polyamines (Spermidine and Spermine)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- under salt stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BAP priming increased leaf free polyamines (Spermidine and Spermine) in both cultivars under salt stress.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Nonprimed salt-tolerant plants accumulated more leaf putrescine than primed plants.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- salt tolerant cultivare0
- Treatment
- non-primed seedse0
- Outcome
- putrescine in the leavese0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- primed seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants of the salt tolerant cultivar raised from non-primed seeds accumulated more putrescine in the leaves as compared with plants raised from primed seeds.”
t0“Wheat”
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