Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient for plants and is the a.i. in pesticides for some pathogens and algae. Elevated doses of Cu can cause toxicity in plants. While silicon (Si) is reported to alleviate the toxicity of some heavy metals, its role in reducing the symptoms induced by excess Cu is unclear. Therefore, the role of Si in plant response to Cu stress was investigated in arabidopsis [ Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heyn.]. Based on plant symptoms (a reduction of leaf chlorosis as well as increased shoot and root biomass) and a reduction of phenylalanine ammonia lyase [PAL (EC 4.3.1.5), a stress-induced enzyme] activity in the shoot, Si was found to alleviate copper stress. Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analyses indicated that the RNA levels of two arabidopsis copper transporter genes, copper transporter 1 ( COPT1 ) and heavy metal ATPase subunit 5 ( HMA5 ) were induced by high levels of Cu, but were significantly decreased when Si levels were also elevated. Taken together, our findings indicate that Si addition can improve the resistance of arabidopsis to Cu stress, and this improvement operates on multiple levels, ranging from physiological changes to alterations of gene expression.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon addition reduced leaf chlorosis caused by excess copper in Arabidopsis thaliana.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae1 - Treatment
- Silicon Additiont0
- Outcome
- leaf chlorosise2
- Direction
- reductione2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alleviation of Copper Toxicity in Arabidopsis thaliana by Silicon Addition to Hydroponic Solutions”
e1“the role of Si in plant response to Cu stress was investigated in arabidopsis [ Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heyn.]”
e2“Based on plant symptoms (a reduction of leaf chlorosis as well as increased shoot and root biomass)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon addition increased shoot and root biomass of Arabidopsis thaliana under copper stress.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- Silicon Additiont0
- Outcome
- shoot and root biomasse2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alleviation of Copper Toxicity in Arabidopsis thaliana by Silicon Addition to Hydroponic Solutions”
e1“the role of Si in plant response to Cu stress was investigated in arabidopsis [ Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heyn.]”
e2“Based on plant symptoms (a reduction of leaf chlorosis as well as increased shoot and root biomass)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon addition reduced phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity in the shoot of Arabidopsis thaliana.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- Silicon Additiont0
- Gene
- phenylalanine ammonia lyasee2
- Outcome
- activity in the shoote2
- Direction
- reductione2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alleviation of Copper Toxicity in Arabidopsis thaliana by Silicon Addition to Hydroponic Solutions”
e1“the role of Si in plant response to Cu stress was investigated in arabidopsis [ Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heyn.]”
e2“a reduction of phenylalanine ammonia lyase [PAL (EC 4.3.1.5), a stress-induced enzyme] activity in the shoot”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon levels significantly decreased copper transporter 1 (COPT1) RNA levels that copper had induced in Arabidopsis thaliana.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- Si levels were also elevatede3
- Gene
- copper transporter 1 ( COPT1 )e3
- Outcome
- RNA levelse3
- Direction
- significantly decreasede3
- Comparator
- high levels of Cue3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“the role of Si in plant response to Cu stress was investigated in arabidopsis [ Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heyn.]”
e3“the RNA levels of two arabidopsis copper transporter genes, copper transporter 1 ( COPT1 ) and heavy metal ATPase subunit 5 ( HMA5 ) were induced by high levels of Cu, but were significantly decreased when Si levels were also elevated”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon levels significantly decreased heavy metal ATPase subunit 5 (HMA5) RNA levels that copper had induced in Arabidopsis thaliana.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- Si levels were also elevatede3
- Gene
- heavy metal ATPase subunit 5 ( HMA5 )e3
- Outcome
- RNA levelse3
- Direction
- significantly decreasede3
- Comparator
- high levels of Cue3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“the role of Si in plant response to Cu stress was investigated in arabidopsis [ Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heyn.]”
e3“the RNA levels of two arabidopsis copper transporter genes, copper transporter 1 ( COPT1 ) and heavy metal ATPase subunit 5 ( HMA5 ) were induced by high levels of Cu, but were significantly decreased when Si levels were also elevated”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that silicon addition improves arabidopsis resistance to copper stress at physiological and gene expression levels.
- Taxon
- arabidopsisArabidopsise4
- Treatment
- Si additione4
- Outcome
- resistance of arabidopsis to Cu stresse4
- Direction
- improvee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alleviation of Copper Toxicity in Arabidopsis thaliana by Silicon Addition to Hydroponic Solutions”
e4“Si addition can improve the resistance of arabidopsis to Cu stress, and this improvement operates on multiple levels, ranging from physiological changes to alterations of gene expression”
The same questions in other papers
silicon atom · disease · ArabidopsisResults agree
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- positive
silicon atom · growth · Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.