Abstract
Bean callus was induced to form roots (tissue differentiation) and vascular nodules (cell differentiation) by lowering the ratio of auxin to cytokinin in the growth medium. Both types of differentiation were inhibited by the addition of abscisic acid (at concentrations greater than I muM) to induction medium. Initiation of differentiation was inhibited, but its subsequent development was not, and the inhibition was not affected by the addition of gibberellic acid. Addition of gibberellic acid (GA) alone to induction medium stimulated tissue differentiation, although cell differentiation was unaffected (30 muM GA) or inhibited (45 muM GA) and its onset was delayed at both concentrations. Root initiation was also stimulated by gibberellic acid (0.I-45 muM) at an auxin-to-kinin ratio 10 times that normally optimal for cell differentiation. The phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity of the calluses was closely correlated with the amount of cell differentiation which had occurred, and measurement of this confirmed that gibberellic acid delayed the initiation of cell differentiation. The increase and subsequent decline of PAL and betaI leads to 3 glucan synthetase activities, normally induced by transfer to induction medium, was abolished by abscisic acid. Addition of gibberellic acid did not affect the betaI leads to 3 glucan synthetase activity.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Lowering the auxin-to-cytokinin ratio induced roots in bean callus.
- Taxon
- Beane0
- Organ / stage
- calluse0
- Treatment
- lowering the ratio of auxin to cytokinine0
- Outcome
- roots (tissue differentiation)e0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“bean callus”
e0“Bean callus was induced to form roots (tissue differentiation) and vascular nodules (cell differentiation) by lowering the ratio of auxin to cytokinin in the growth medium”
Claim · model-written summary
Lowering the auxin-to-cytokinin ratio induced vascular nodules in bean callus.
- Taxon
- Beane0
- Organ / stage
- calluse0
- Treatment
- lowering the ratio of auxin to cytokinine0
- Outcome
- vascular nodules (cell differentiation)e0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“bean callus”
e0“Bean callus was induced to form roots (tissue differentiation) and vascular nodules (cell differentiation) by lowering the ratio of auxin to cytokinin in the growth medium”
Claim · model-written summary
Abscisic acid above I muM inhibited both differentiation types in bean callus.
- Taxon
- beant0
- Treatment
- addition of abscisic acid (at concentrations greater than I muM)e0
- Outcome
- Both types of differentiatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“bean callus”
e0“Both types of differentiation were inhibited by the addition of abscisic acid (at concentrations greater than I muM) to induction medium”
Claim · model-written summary
Abscisic acid inhibited initiation of differentiation but not later development.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“bean callus”
e0“Initiation of differentiation was inhibited, but its subsequent development was not”
e1“Both types of differentiation were inhibited by the addition of abscisic acid”
Claim · model-written summary
Gibberellic acid did not alter abscisic-acid inhibition of differentiation.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“bean callus”
e0“the inhibition was not affected by the addition of gibberellic acid”
Claim · model-written summary
Gibberellic acid alone stimulated tissue differentiation.
- Taxon
- beant0
- Treatment
- Addition of gibberellic acid (GA) alonee0
- Outcome
- tissue differentiatione0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“bean callus”
e0“Addition of gibberellic acid (GA) alone to induction medium stimulated tissue differentiation”
Claim · model-written summary
At 30 muM GA, cell differentiation was unaffected.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“bean callus”
e0“cell differentiation was unaffected (30 muM GA)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 45 muM GA, cell differentiation was inhibited.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“bean callus”
e0“cell differentiation was unaffected (30 muM GA) or inhibited (45 muM GA)”
Claim · model-written summary
GA at both concentrations delayed onset of cell differentiation.
- Taxon
- beant0
- Treatment
- gibberellic acide1
- Outcome
- onsete0
- Direction
- delayede0
- Qualifier
- both concentrationse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“bean callus”
e0“its onset was delayed at both concentrations”
e1“Addition of gibberellic acid (GA) alone to induction medium”
Claim · model-written summary
Gibberellic acid stimulated root initiation at a high auxin-to-kinin ratio.
- Taxon
- beant0
- Treatment
- gibberellic acid (0.I-45 muM)e0
- Outcome
- Root initiatione0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
- Qualifier
- an auxin-to-kinin ratio 10 times that normally optimal for cell differentiatione0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“bean callus”
e0“Root initiation was also stimulated by gibberellic acid (0.I-45 muM) at an auxin-to-kinin ratio 10 times that normally optimal for cell differentiation”
Claim · model-written summary
PAL activity correlated closely with the amount of cell differentiation.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
t0“bean callus”
e0“The phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity of the calluses was closely correlated with the amount of cell differentiation which had occurred”
Claim · model-written summary
Abscisic acid abolished the normal rise and decline in PAL activity.
- Taxon
- beant0
- Treatment
- abscisic acide0
- Gene
- PALe0
- Outcome
- increase and subsequent decline of PALe0
- Direction
- abolishede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“bean callus”
e0“The increase and subsequent decline of PAL and betaI leads to 3 glucan synthetase activities, normally induced by transfer to induction medium, was abolished by abscisic acid”
Claim · model-written summary
Abscisic acid abolished the normal rise and decline in betaI leads to 3 glucan synthetase activity.
- Taxon
- beant0
- Treatment
- abscisic acide0
- Gene
- betaI leads to 3 glucan synthetasee0
- Outcome
- betaI leads to 3 glucan synthetase activitiese0
- Direction
- abolishede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“bean callus”
e0“The increase and subsequent decline of PAL and betaI leads to 3 glucan synthetase activities, normally induced by transfer to induction medium, was abolished by abscisic acid”
Claim · model-written summary
Gibberellic acid did not affect betaI leads to 3 glucan synthetase activity.
- Taxon
- beant0
- Treatment
- Addition of gibberellic acide0
- Gene
- betaI leads to 3 glucan synthetasee0
- Outcome
- betaI leads to 3 glucan synthetase activitye0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“bean callus”
e0“Addition of gibberellic acid did not affect the betaI leads to 3 glucan synthetase activity”
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class · symbiosis · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.