Abstract
Randomized complete block design with four replications in two drought and non-drought environments was used for this study. Drought resistance indices were calculated based on seed yield in stress and non-stress conditions. The results showed that GMP and STI were the best drought resistance indices so had the positive and significant correlation with Yp and Ys. Three dimensional graph showed that RFG5*AF80, G-543 and Farokh were the drought resistant hybrids. These hybrids had the highest amount of Yp, Ys, GMP and STI that revealed the highest yield potential as well as drought tolerance in these genotypes. Because of that these hybrids have promised potential to cultivate in drought prone environments. Regression analysis revealed that the traits grain filling rate, grain filling duration and water use efficiency accounted for 97.0% of total variation exist in seed yield. Path coefficient analysis demonstrated the highest and positive direct effect of grain filling rate and grain filling duration on seed yield in sunflower hybrids. Water use efficiency had low direct effect while high indirect effects via grain filling duration on seed yield. Therefore, the study revealed the importance of total grain filling rate and grain filling duration as indirect selection criteria for genetic improvement of seed yield in sunflower breeding programs especially in early generations. On the other hand, indirect effects of water use efficiency through grain filling duration on seed yield have promising result in selection programs.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
GMP correlated positively and significantly with Yp and Ys.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuust0 - Treatment
- GMPe0
- Outcome
- Yp and Yse0
- Direction
- positivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GMP and STI were the best drought resistance indices so had the positive and significant correlation with Yp and Ys”
t0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
STI correlated positively and significantly with Yp and Ys.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- STIe0
- Outcome
- Yp and Yse0
- Direction
- positivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GMP and STI were the best drought resistance indices so had the positive and significant correlation with Yp and Ys”
t0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RFG5*AF80 was identified as drought resistant and high yielding.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Material
- RFG5*AF80e0
- Outcome
- drought resistant hybridse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three dimensional graph showed that RFG5*AF80, G-543 and Farokh were the drought resistant hybrids. These hybrids had the highest amount of Yp, Ys, GMP and STI”
t0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
G-543 was identified as drought resistant and high yielding.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Material
- G-543e0
- Outcome
- drought resistant hybridse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three dimensional graph showed that RFG5*AF80, G-543 and Farokh were the drought resistant hybrids. These hybrids had the highest amount of Yp, Ys, GMP and STI”
t0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Farokh was identified as drought resistant and high yielding.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Material
- Farokhe0
- Outcome
- drought resistant hybridse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three dimensional graph showed that RFG5*AF80, G-543 and Farokh were the drought resistant hybrids. These hybrids had the highest amount of Yp, Ys, GMP and STI”
t0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain filling rate, duration, and water use efficiency together explained 97.0% of seed-yield variation.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- grain filling rate, grain filling duration and water use efficiencye0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Value
- 97.0%e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the traits grain filling rate, grain filling duration and water use efficiency accounted for 97.0% of total variation exist in seed yield”
t0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain filling rate had a high positive direct effect on seed yield.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- grain filling ratee0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- positivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest and positive direct effect of grain filling rate and grain filling duration on seed yield in sunflower hybrids”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain filling duration had a high positive direct effect on seed yield.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- grain filling duratione0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- positivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest and positive direct effect of grain filling rate and grain filling duration on seed yield in sunflower hybrids”
Claim · model-written summary
Water use efficiency had a low direct effect on seed yield.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- Water use efficiencye0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- lowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water use efficiency had low direct effect while high indirect effects via grain filling duration on seed yield”
t0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Water use efficiency had a high indirect effect on seed yield through grain filling duration.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- Water use efficiencye0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- highe0
- Qualifier
- via grain filling duratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water use efficiency had low direct effect while high indirect effects via grain filling duration on seed yield”
t0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend total grain filling rate and duration as indirect selection criteria for seed yield, especially in early generations.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Outcome
- total grain filling rate and grain filling duration as indirect selection criteriae0
- Qualifier
- especially in early generationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the importance of total grain filling rate and grain filling duration as indirect selection criteria for genetic improvement of seed yield in sunflower breeding programs especially in early generations”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors also consider the indirect water use efficiency effect through grain filling duration promising for selection.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- water use efficiency through grain filling duratione0
- Qualifier
- promising resulte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“indirect effects of water use efficiency through grain filling duration on seed yield have promising result in selection programs”
t0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”