Abstract
Postemergence application of isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate (CIPC) killed small seedlings or redroot pigweed (A mnaranthus retroflexus L.), large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L.), and pale smartweed (Polygonumn lapathifolium L.). However, the apparent mode of action in redroot pigweed and large crab- grass was different from that in pale smartweed. The first two species showed injury symptoms 1 to 2 days after spraying, while the effect of the herbicide on pale smartweed was slow and no growth inhibition was observed until about 2 weeks after application. Injury symptoms of smartweed were different from those of the other two species. Tolerance of redroot pigweed and large crabgrass to CIPC increased rapidly with age. Studies on respiration, C140, fixation, and chlorophyll content showed that the fast action in redroot pigweed and large crab- grass was accompanied by a reduction in photosynthesis, decrease in chlorophyll content, and increase in respiration. In pale smartweed, where slow action of CIPC took place, there was no change in carbon dioxide fixation, chlorophyll content, or oxygen uiptake until about 2 weeks after spraying, when symptoms of this type of action were first observed.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Postemergence CIPC killed small seedlings of redroot pigweed.
- Taxon
- redroot pigweede1
- Treatment
- isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate (CIPC)e1
- Outcome
- small seedlingse1
- Direction
- killede1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Postemergence application of isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate (CIPC) killed small seedlings or redroot pigweed (A mnaranthus retroflexus L.), large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L.), and pale smartweed (Polygonumn lapathifolium L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Postemergence CIPC killed small seedlings of large crabgrass.
- Taxon
- large crabgrasse1
- Treatment
- isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate (CIPC)e1
- Outcome
- small seedlingse1
- Direction
- killede1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Postemergence application of isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate (CIPC) killed small seedlings or redroot pigweed (A mnaranthus retroflexus L.), large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L.), and pale smartweed (Polygonumn lapathifolium L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Postemergence CIPC killed small seedlings of pale smartweed.
- Taxon
- pale smartweede1
- Treatment
- isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate (CIPC)e1
- Outcome
- small seedlingse1
- Direction
- killede1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Postemergence application of isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate (CIPC) killed small seedlings or redroot pigweed (A mnaranthus retroflexus L.), large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L.), and pale smartweed (Polygonumn lapathifolium L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tolerance of redroot pigweed to CIPC increased rapidly with age.
Verbatim
e2“Tolerance of redroot pigweed and large crabgrass to CIPC increased rapidly with age”
Claim · model-written summary
Tolerance of large crabgrass to CIPC increased rapidly with age.
Verbatim
e2“Tolerance of redroot pigweed and large crabgrass to CIPC increased rapidly with age”
Claim · model-written summary
Redroot pigweed showed a reduction in photosynthesis during fast action of CIPC.
Verbatim
e4“the fast action in redroot pigweed and large crab- grass was accompanied by a reduction in photosynthesis, decrease in chlorophyll content, and increase in respiration”
Claim · model-written summary
Large crabgrass showed a reduction in photosynthesis during fast action of CIPC.
Verbatim
e1“Postemergence application of isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate (CIPC) killed small seedlings or redroot pigweed (A mnaranthus retroflexus L.), large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L.), and pale smartweed (Polygonumn lapathifolium L.)”
e4“the fast action in redroot pigweed and large crab- grass was accompanied by a reduction in photosynthesis, decrease in chlorophyll content, and increase in respiration”
Claim · model-written summary
Redroot pigweed showed a decrease in chlorophyll content during fast action of CIPC.
Verbatim
e4“the fast action in redroot pigweed and large crab- grass was accompanied by a reduction in photosynthesis, decrease in chlorophyll content, and increase in respiration”
Claim · model-written summary
Large crabgrass showed a decrease in chlorophyll content during fast action of CIPC.
Verbatim
e1“Postemergence application of isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate (CIPC) killed small seedlings or redroot pigweed (A mnaranthus retroflexus L.), large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L.), and pale smartweed (Polygonumn lapathifolium L.)”
e4“the fast action in redroot pigweed and large crab- grass was accompanied by a reduction in photosynthesis, decrease in chlorophyll content, and increase in respiration”
Claim · model-written summary
Redroot pigweed showed an increase in respiration during fast action of CIPC.
Verbatim
e4“the fast action in redroot pigweed and large crab- grass was accompanied by a reduction in photosynthesis, decrease in chlorophyll content, and increase in respiration”
Claim · model-written summary
Large crabgrass showed an increase in respiration during fast action of CIPC.
Verbatim
e1“Postemergence application of isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate (CIPC) killed small seedlings or redroot pigweed (A mnaranthus retroflexus L.), large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L.), and pale smartweed (Polygonumn lapathifolium L.)”
e4“the fast action in redroot pigweed and large crab- grass was accompanied by a reduction in photosynthesis, decrease in chlorophyll content, and increase in respiration”
Claim · model-written summary
Pale smartweed showed no growth inhibition until about 2 weeks after CIPC application.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e3“The first two species showed injury symptoms 1 to 2 days after spraying, while the effect of the herbicide on pale smartweed was slow and no growth inhibition was observed until about 2 weeks after application”
Claim · model-written summary
Pale smartweed showed no change in carbon dioxide fixation, chlorophyll content or oxygen uptake until about 2 weeks after CIPC application.
Verbatim
e5“In pale smartweed, where slow action of CIPC took place, there was no change in carbon dioxide fixation, chlorophyll content, or oxygen uiptake until about 2 weeks after spraying, when symptoms of this type of action were first observed”
Claim · model-written summary
Redroot pigweed showed injury symptoms 1 to 2 days after CIPC spraying.
Verbatim
e1“Postemergence application of isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate (CIPC) killed small seedlings or redroot pigweed (A mnaranthus retroflexus L.), large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L.), and pale smartweed (Polygonumn lapathifolium L.)”
e3“The first two species showed injury symptoms 1 to 2 days after spraying, while the effect of the herbicide on pale smartweed was slow”
Claim · model-written summary
Large crabgrass showed injury symptoms 1 to 2 days after CIPC spraying.
Verbatim
e1“Postemergence application of isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate (CIPC) killed small seedlings or redroot pigweed (A mnaranthus retroflexus L.), large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L.), and pale smartweed (Polygonumn lapathifolium L.)”
e3“The first two species showed injury symptoms 1 to 2 days after spraying, while the effect of the herbicide on pale smartweed was slow”