Abstract
The carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic effects of hexavalent chromium (Cr[VI]) on living organisms through the food chain raise the immediate need to assess the potential toxicological impacts of Cr(VI) on human health. Therefore, the concentration-dependent responses of 12 Cr(VI)-responsive genes selected from a high-throughput Lycopersicon esculentum complementary DNA microarray were examined at different Cr concentrations. The results indicated that most of the genes were differentially expressed from 0.1 mg Cr/kg soil, whereas the lowest-observable-adverse-effect concentrations of Cr(VI) were 1.6 mg Cr/kg soil, 6.4 mg Cr/kg soil, 3.2 mg Cr/kg soil, and 0.4 mg Cr/kg soil for seed germination, root elongation, root biomass, and root morphology, respectively, implying that the transcriptional method was more sensitive than the traditional method in detecting Cr(VI) toxicity. Dose-dependent responses were observed for the relative expression of expansin (p = 0.778), probable chalcone-flavonone isomerase 3 (p = -0.496), and 12S seed storage protein CRD (p = -0.614); therefore, the authors propose the 3 genes as putative biomarkers in Cr(VI)-contaminated soil. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1751-1758. © 2015 SETAC.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Most tomato genes were differentially expressed from 0.1 mg Cr/kg soil.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentum
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- Cr(VI)e1
- Outcome
- genes were differentially expressede0
- Direction
- differentially expressede0
- Value
- 0.1 mg Cr/kg soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“most of the genes were differentially expressed from 0.1 mg Cr/kg soil”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
e1“12 Cr(VI)-responsive genes”
Claim · model-written summary
The lowest adverse chromium concentration for seed germination was 1.6 mg Cr/kg soil.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Cr(VI)e0
- Outcome
- seed germinatione0
- Direction
- adversee0
- Value
- 1.6 mg Cr/kg soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest-observable-adverse-effect concentrations of Cr(VI) were 1.6 mg Cr/kg soil, 6.4 mg Cr/kg soil, 3.2 mg Cr/kg soil, and 0.4 mg Cr/kg soil for seed germination, root elongation, root biomass, and root morphology, respectively”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
Claim · model-written summary
The lowest adverse chromium concentration for root elongation was 6.4 mg Cr/kg soil.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Cr(VI)e0
- Outcome
- root elongatione0
- Direction
- adversee0
- Value
- 6.4 mg Cr/kg soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest-observable-adverse-effect concentrations of Cr(VI) were 1.6 mg Cr/kg soil, 6.4 mg Cr/kg soil, 3.2 mg Cr/kg soil, and 0.4 mg Cr/kg soil for seed germination, root elongation, root biomass, and root morphology, respectively”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
Claim · model-written summary
The lowest adverse chromium concentration for root biomass was 3.2 mg Cr/kg soil.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Cr(VI)e0
- Outcome
- root biomasse0
- Direction
- adversee0
- Value
- 3.2 mg Cr/kg soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest-observable-adverse-effect concentrations of Cr(VI) were 1.6 mg Cr/kg soil, 6.4 mg Cr/kg soil, 3.2 mg Cr/kg soil, and 0.4 mg Cr/kg soil for seed germination, root elongation, root biomass, and root morphology, respectively”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
Claim · model-written summary
The lowest adverse chromium concentration for root morphology was 0.4 mg Cr/kg soil.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Cr(VI)e0
- Outcome
- root morphologye0
- Direction
- adversee0
- Value
- 0.4 mg Cr/kg soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest-observable-adverse-effect concentrations of Cr(VI) were 1.6 mg Cr/kg soil, 6.4 mg Cr/kg soil, 3.2 mg Cr/kg soil, and 0.4 mg Cr/kg soil for seed germination, root elongation, root biomass, and root morphology, respectively”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
Claim · model-written summary
Transcriptional detection was more sensitive than traditional endpoints for soil chromium toxicity.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- detecting Cr(VI) toxicitye0
- Direction
- more sensitivee0
- Comparator
- traditional methode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the transcriptional method was more sensitive than the traditional method in detecting Cr(VI) toxicity”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
Claim · model-written summary
Expansin expression showed a dose response to chromium.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- expansine0
- Outcome
- relative expressione0
- Direction
- Dose-dependente0
- Value
- p = 0.778e0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dose-dependent responses were observed for the relative expression of expansin (p = 0.778), probable chalcone-flavonone isomerase 3 (p = -0.496), and 12S seed storage protein CRD (p = -0.614)”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
Claim · model-written summary
Probable chalcone-flavonone isomerase 3 expression showed a dose response.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- probable chalcone-flavonone isomerase 3e0
- Outcome
- relative expressione0
- Direction
- Dose-dependente0
- Value
- p = -0.496e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dose-dependent responses were observed for the relative expression of expansin (p = 0.778), probable chalcone-flavonone isomerase 3 (p = -0.496), and 12S seed storage protein CRD (p = -0.614)”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
Claim · model-written summary
12S seed storage protein CRD expression showed a dose response.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- 12S seed storage protein CRDe0
- Outcome
- relative expressione0
- Direction
- Dose-dependente0
- Value
- p = -0.614e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dose-dependent responses were observed for the relative expression of expansin (p = 0.778), probable chalcone-flavonone isomerase 3 (p = -0.496), and 12S seed storage protein CRD (p = -0.614)”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose these three genes as putative soil chromium biomarkers.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- 3 genes as putative biomarkers in Cr(VI)-contaminated soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the authors propose the 3 genes as putative biomarkers in Cr(VI)-contaminated soil”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
The same questions in other papers
chromium atom · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
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See all 11 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.