Abstract
Weeds often limit productivity of organic cropping systems. Radish is a fast-growing, potentially allelopathic cover crop that has the potential to improve weed management in organic systems. To evaluate the effect of radish on density, cover, and biomass of weeds in organically managed corn, 2-yr field experiments were conducted over 4 site years. Four cover-crop planting treatments (fall-only, spring-only, fall + spring, and no cover) were tested in factorial with three cultivation treatments (standard [three to four passes], false seedbed [standard with a false seedbed], and reduced [two passes]). All plots were tilled before planting. Shoot biomass averaged 3,057 kg ha −1 for fall-seeded radish and 385 kg ha −1 for spring-seeded radish. Radish cover crops generally did not improve management of weeds during the corn growing season. However, in the absence of a false seedbed, fall-seeded radish reduced field pennycress density from 9 to < 1 plant m −2 and horseweed density from 6 to 2 plants m −2 in spring in site years where these weeds were present. Fall-seeded radish also reduced cover of summer annual weeds during the fall cover-crop growing season from 4 to 0% in 1 site year, preventing these weeds from setting seed. Radish cover crops did not affect corn grain yield.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Fall-seeded radish produced 3,057 kg ha −1 shoot biomass.
- Taxon
- radish
Raphanus sativuse0 - Outcome
- Shoot biomasse0
- Value
- 3,057 kg ha −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot biomass averaged 3,057 kg ha −1 for fall-seeded radish”
Claim · model-written summary
Spring-seeded radish produced 385 kg ha −1 shoot biomass.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse0
- Outcome
- 385 kg ha −1e0
- Value
- 385 kg ha −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“385 kg ha −1 for spring-seeded radish”
Claim · model-written summary
Radish cover crops generally did not improve weed management during corn growth.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- Radish cover cropse0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- management of weedse0
- Direction
- did not improvee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Radish cover crops generally did not improve management of weeds during the corn growing season”
Claim · model-written summary
Fall-seeded radish reduced spring field pennycress density from 9 to less than one plant m −2 without a false seedbed.
- Treatment
- fall-seeded radishe0
- Interactor
- field pennycress
_-_Guelph%2C_Ontario_2020-04-12.jpg?width=60)
Thlaspi arvensee0weed - Outcome
- field pennycress densitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- < 1 plant m −2e0
- Qualifier
- from 9 to < 1 plant m −2e0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_-_Guelph%2C_Ontario_2020-04-12.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“in the absence of a false seedbed, fall-seeded radish reduced field pennycress density from 9 to < 1 plant m −2”
Claim · model-written summary
Fall-seeded radish reduced spring horseweed density from 6 to 2 plants m −2.
- Interactor
- horseweed
Erigeron canadensise0weed - Outcome
- horseweed densitye0
- Value
- 2 plants m −2e0
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“horseweed density from 6 to 2 plants m −2 in spring”
Claim · model-written summary
Fall-seeded radish reduced summer annual weed cover from 4 to 0% in one site year.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse0
- Treatment
- Fall-seeded radishe0
- Interactor
- summer annual weedse0weed
- Outcome
- cover of summer annual weedse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 0%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fall-seeded radish also reduced cover of summer annual weeds during the fall cover-crop growing season from 4 to 0% in 1 site year”
Claim · model-written summary
Radish cover crops did not affect corn grain yield.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Radish cover cropse0
- Outcome
- corn grain yielde0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Radish cover crops did not affect corn grain yield”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.