Abstract
Water salinity and drought are the major abiotic stresses limiting turf grass growth. On the other hand, shortage of waterresources and salinity of water and soil in the arid and semi-arid zones such as Iran, are the restricting factors in developinglawn turf grasses. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the combined effects of water salinity and deficit irrigation ontall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.). This study was conducted under outdoor conditions in a completely randomizeddesign with factorial arrangements. Treatments included four water salinity levels (0.5, 3, 6 and 9 dS.m-1) and three deficitirrigation regimes (50%, 75% and 100% FC) with five replicates under outdoor conditions. Results indicated a rise in theion leakage, and soluble sugar and proline concentration and a decrease in visual quality, shoot length, leaf area and freshand dry weights of shoot, leaf relative water content (RWC), leaf chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate and starchcontent with an increase in the levels of both stresses. Antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), andcatalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6) showed higher activity under moderate drought or water salinity conditions; however, thisparameter decreased at higher levels of these salinity stresses. Practically, based on the results of the present study, tallfescue could be grown under moderate levels of the combined stresses of water shortage and salinity without considerabledamage to the plant at the physiological and/or biochemical level. This is the first report on applying the combined stressesof water and salinity on an important agricultural crop.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing both stresses raised ion leakage in tall fescue.
- Taxon
- tall fescue
Lolium arundinaceumt0 - Treatment
- increase in the levels of both stressese0
- Outcome
- theion leakagee0
- Direction
- risee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results indicated a rise in theion leakage, and soluble sugar and proline concentration and a decrease in visual quality, shoot length, leaf area and freshand dry weights of shoot, leaf relative water content (RWC), leaf chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate and starchcontent with an increase in the levels of both stresses.”
t0“tall fescue”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing both stresses raised soluble sugar and proline concentrations.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- increase in the levels of both stressese0
- Outcome
- soluble sugar and proline concentratione0
- Direction
- risee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results indicated a rise in theion leakage, and soluble sugar and proline concentration and a decrease in visual quality, shoot length, leaf area and freshand dry weights of shoot, leaf relative water content (RWC), leaf chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate and starchcontent with an increase in the levels of both stresses.”
t0“tall fescue”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing both stresses reduced visual quality, shoot length and leaf area.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- increase in the levels of both stressese0
- Outcome
- visual quality, shoot length, leaf areae0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a decrease in visual quality, shoot length, leaf area and freshand dry weights of shoot, leaf relative water content (RWC), leaf chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate and starchcontent with an increase in the levels of both stresses”
t0“tall fescue”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing both stresses reduced fresh and dry shoot weights.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- increase in the levels of both stressese0
- Outcome
- freshand dry weights of shoote0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a decrease in visual quality, shoot length, leaf area and freshand dry weights of shoot, leaf relative water content (RWC), leaf chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate and starchcontent with an increase in the levels of both stresses”
t0“tall fescue”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing both stresses reduced relative water content, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- increase in the levels of both stressese0
- Outcome
- leaf relative water content (RWC), leaf chlorophyll content and photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a decrease in visual quality, shoot length, leaf area and freshand dry weights of shoot, leaf relative water content (RWC), leaf chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate and starchcontent with an increase in the levels of both stresses”
t0“tall fescue”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing both stresses reduced starch content.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- increase in the levels of both stressese0
- Outcome
- starchcontente0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a decrease in visual quality, shoot length, leaf area and freshand dry weights of shoot, leaf relative water content (RWC), leaf chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate and starchcontent with an increase in the levels of both stresses”
t0“tall fescue”
Claim · model-written summary
Moderate drought or salinity increased SOD and catalase activities.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- moderate drought or water salinity conditionse0
- Gene
- superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), andcatalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6)e0
- Outcome
- higher activitye0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), andcatalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6) showed higher activity under moderate drought or water salinity conditions”
t0“tall fescue”
Claim · model-written summary
Antioxidant enzyme activity decreased at higher salinity stress levels.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- higher levels of these salinity stressese0
- Outcome
- thisparametere0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“thisparameter decreased at higher levels of these salinity stresses”
t0“tall fescue”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude tall fescue can grow under moderate combined water shortage and salinity without considerable physiological or biochemical damage.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Outcome
- could be grown under moderate levels of the combined stresses of water shortage and salinitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tallfescue could be grown under moderate levels of the combined stresses of water shortage and salinity without considerabledamage to the plant at the physiological and/or biochemical level”
t0“tall fescue”