Influence of nitrogen levels and weed management practices on productivity of rice under aerobic conditions

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of nitrogen levels and weed control methods on growth, yield attributes and yield of rice. The results revealed that the rice variety 'IR-64' recorded maximum grain (3.46 t ha-1), straw (4.84 t ha-1) and biological yield (8.30 t ha-1) with the application of 125 kg N ha-1 under aerobic conditions which was statistically at par with application of 100 kg N ha-1. On the other hand, different weed control practices also gave significantly higher grain yield of aerobic rice. The application of pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1at 2 DAS + rice : dhaincha (1:1) + 2,4- D Na salt @ 0.8 kg a.i. ha-1 at 25 DAS recorded excellent performance and contributed grain, straw and biological yield of 3.98, 5.55 & 9.53 t ha-1, respectively. Weed dry weight was recorded at 55 DAS shows that application of pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1at 2 DAS + rice : dhaincha (1:1) + 2,4-D Na salt @ 0.8 kg a.i. ha-1 at 25 DAS recorded significantly lowest weed biomass as compared to other weed control treatments.

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Claims 9

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Variety IR-64 gave maximum grain yield of 3.46 t/ha with 125 kg N/ha under aerobic conditions.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae1
Material: IR-64e1
Outcome: maximum graine1
Value: 3.46 t ha-1e1
Setting: under aerobic conditionse1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

*Oryza sativa* · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1
“the rice variety 'IR-64' recorded maximum grain (3.46 t ha-1), straw (4.84 t ha-1) and biological yield (8.30 t ha-1) with the application of 125 kg N ha-1 under aerobic conditions which was statistically at par with application of 100 kg N ha-1”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 170–415 · show in text ↑

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Variety IR-64 gave maximum straw yield of 4.84 t/ha with 125 kg N/ha under aerobic conditions.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae1
Material: IR-64e1
Outcome: strawe1
Value: 4.84 t ha-1e1
Setting: under aerobic conditionse1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“the rice variety 'IR-64' recorded maximum grain (3.46 t ha-1), straw (4.84 t ha-1) and biological yield (8.30 t ha-1) with the application of 125 kg N ha-1 under aerobic conditions which was statistically at par with application of 100 kg N ha-1”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 170–415 · show in text ↑

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Variety IR-64 gave maximum biological yield of 8.30 t/ha with 125 kg N/ha under aerobic conditions.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae1
Material: IR-64e1
Outcome: biological yielde1
Value: 8.30 t ha-1e1
Setting: under aerobic conditionse1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“the rice variety 'IR-64' recorded maximum grain (3.46 t ha-1), straw (4.84 t ha-1) and biological yield (8.30 t ha-1) with the application of 125 kg N ha-1 under aerobic conditions which was statistically at par with application of 100 kg N ha-1”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 170–415 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

125 kg N/ha gave maximum grain yield statistically at par with 100 kg N/ha.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae1
Treatment: 125 kg N ha-1e1
Outcome: maximum graine1
Direction: at pare1
Comparator: 100 kg N ha-1e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“the rice variety 'IR-64' recorded maximum grain (3.46 t ha-1), straw (4.84 t ha-1) and biological yield (8.30 t ha-1) with the application of 125 kg N ha-1 under aerobic conditions which was statistically at par with application of 100 kg N ha-1”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 170–415 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Different weed control practices significantly increased grain yield of aerobic rice.

Taxon: aerobic ricee2
Treatment: different weed control practicese2
Outcome: grain yielde2
Direction: highere2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e2
“different weed control practices also gave significantly higher grain yield of aerobic rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 436–527 · show in text ↑

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Pendimethalin with rice-dhaincha intercropping and 2,4-D gave 3.98 t/ha grain yield.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae3
Treatment: pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1at 2 DAS + rice : dhaincha (1:1) + 2,4- D Na salt @ 0.8 kg a.i. ha-1 at 25 DASe3
Outcome: graine3
Value: 3.98e3

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e3
“The application of pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1at 2 DAS + rice : dhaincha (1:1) + 2,4- D Na salt @ 0.8 kg a.i. ha-1 at 25 DAS recorded excellent performance and contributed grain, straw and biological yield of 3.98, 5.55 & 9.53 t ha-1, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 529–781 · show in text ↑

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The same weed control combination gave 5.55 t/ha straw yield.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae3
Treatment: pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1at 2 DAS + rice : dhaincha (1:1) + 2,4- D Na salt @ 0.8 kg a.i. ha-1 at 25 DASe3
Outcome: strawe3
Value: 5.55e3

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e3
“The application of pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1at 2 DAS + rice : dhaincha (1:1) + 2,4- D Na salt @ 0.8 kg a.i. ha-1 at 25 DAS recorded excellent performance and contributed grain, straw and biological yield of 3.98, 5.55 & 9.53 t ha-1, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 529–781 · show in text ↑

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The same weed control combination gave 9.53 t/ha biological yield.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae3
Treatment: pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1at 2 DAS + rice : dhaincha (1:1) + 2,4- D Na salt @ 0.8 kg a.i. ha-1 at 25 DASe3
Outcome: biological yielde3
Value: 9.53e3

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e3
“The application of pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1at 2 DAS + rice : dhaincha (1:1) + 2,4- D Na salt @ 0.8 kg a.i. ha-1 at 25 DAS recorded excellent performance and contributed grain, straw and biological yield of 3.98, 5.55 & 9.53 t ha-1, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 529–781 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The pendimethalin, rice-dhaincha and 2,4-D combination gave significantly the lowest weed biomass at 55 DAS.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae4
Treatment: pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1at 2 DAS + rice : dhaincha (1:1) + 2,4-D Na salt @ 0.8 kg a.i. ha-1 at 25 DASe4
Interactor: Weede4weed
Outcome: weed biomasse4
Direction: loweste4
Comparator: other weed control treatmentse4

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e4
“Weed dry weight was recorded at 55 DAS shows that application of pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1at 2 DAS + rice : dhaincha (1:1) + 2,4-D Na salt @ 0.8 kg a.i. ha-1 at 25 DAS recorded significantly lowest weed biomass as compared to other weed control treatments”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 783–1045 · show in text ↑

2,4-D · weed · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ

49 papers: 47 positive, 2 negative or no effect

46 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

no effect
2, 4-D did not reduce weed density and dry weight considerably in rice.
Effect of Weed Control Methods on Growth and Yield of Unpuddled Rice1 · 1984
Opposite direction
no effect
Anilofos+2,4-D readymix was equally good as hand weeding twice for reduction in weed population and dry weight in both years.
Efficacy of Herbicides Applied Alone and in Combinations against Weeds in Transplanted Rice · 1999 · compared with Hand weeding twice
No difference from an alternative
positive
2,4-D in water seeding effectively controlled weeds in rice
INCREASING WATER PRODUCTIVITY AND WEED SUPPRESSION OF WET SEEDED RICE: EFFECT OF WATER MANAGEMENT AND RICE GENOTYPES · 2000
Same direction

45 papers more in this group

See all 49 papers →

pendimethalin · weed · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

128 papers: 125 positive, 3 negative or no effect

124 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

negative
Pendimethalin and acetachlor plus bensulfuraonmethyl were ineffective for broadleaf weed control.
Performance of Different Herbicides in Dry-Seeded Rice in Bangladesh · 2014
Opposite direction
negative
Pendimethalin alone (T2) gave the maximum weed index (36.39%).
Herbicide combinations for weed control in direct-seeded rice · 2020
Opposite direction
no effect
PR-115 in paired rows with pendimethalin had weed biomass of 10.7 g m −2, similar to sequential herbicides in uniform rows.
Integrated Weed Management Using Planting Pattern, Cultivar, and Herbicide in Dry-Seeded Rice in Northwest India · 2014 · compared with sequential application of pendimethalin and bispyribac-sodium coupled with uniform rows
No difference from an alternative

124 papers more in this group

See all 128 papers →

herbicide · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

802 papers: 725 positive, 77 negative or no effect

724 papers in the same direction as this paper · 57 in the opposite direction · 20 reporting no difference from an alternative

positive
Weed management increased rice growth traits and yield relative to the weedy check.
Critical agronomic interventions for enhancing productivity of dry direct sown rice in North-Coastal AP · 2020 · compared with weedy check
Same directionCites this paper
no effect
Weeding every 14 days did not increase rice grain yield.
Weeds in slash‐and‐burn rice fields in northern Laos · 1997
Opposite direction
negative
The non-allelopathic variety showed a grain yield reduction of up to 45-60% even with the low-dose herbicide application.
Effect of allelopathic rice varieties combined with cultural management options on paddy field weeds · 2008
Opposite direction

798 papers more in this group

See all 802 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.

Abstract

Claims 9

The same questions in other papers

2,4-D · weed · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ

pendimethalin · weed · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

herbicide · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results