Abstract
Abstract Effect of the application of blackcurrant seed post-extraction residues (BS) enriched via biosorption with Zn(II), Mn(II) and Cu(II) was examined in field tests on maize. As a nominal dose (100%), 2.5 kg of zinc, 1 kg of manganese and 0.5 kg of copper per hectare, were applied. The preparation was applied, also, in higher doses (150%, 200%). Crop yield and quality were assessed and multielemental analysis of grains was conducted. Grain yield obtained for maize treated with different doses of micronutrients (7.3 and 7.2 Mg ha-1 for BS 100% and BS 200%, respectively) was higher than in control group (6.2 Mg ha-1) and similar to a commercial reference product (7.1 Mg ha-1). Bioavailability of micronutrients from BS was shown to be higher than from reference commercial fertilizer. The highest content of micronutrients delivered to plants was observed for groups fertilized with BS in nominal dose of micronutrients (1.79, 7.08 and 28.55 mg kg-1 for Cu, Mn and Zn, respectively). The content of each micronutrient was 5.6% (Cu) 12.1% (Mn) and 12.6% (Zn) higher than in untreated group and 8.9% (Cu) 9.7% (Mn) and 8.7% (Zn) higher than commercial reference micronutrient fertilizer. New biocomponents are cheap and biodegradable carriers of nutrients which can be released in controlled way.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Maize treated with BS at 100% and 200% doses had higher grain yield than the control group.
- Treatment
- BS 100% and BS 200%e1
- Outcome
- Grain yielde1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 7.3 and 7.2 Mg ha-1e1
- Qualifier
- 6.2 Mg ha-1e1
- Comparator
- control groupe1
- Setting
- field testse0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Biofortification of maize grains”
e0“was examined in field tests on maize”
e1“Grain yield obtained for maize treated with different doses of micronutrients (7.3 and 7.2 Mg ha-1 for BS 100% and BS 200%, respectively) was higher than in control group (6.2 Mg ha-1) and similar to a commercial reference product (7.1 Mg ha-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield of maize treated with micronutrient doses was similar to a commercial reference product.
- Treatment
- different doses of micronutrientse1
- Outcome
- Grain yielde1
- Direction
- similare1
- Value
- 7.1 Mg ha-1e1
- Comparator
- commercial reference producte1
- Setting
- field testse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Biofortification of maize grains”
e0“was examined in field tests on maize”
e1“Grain yield obtained for maize treated with different doses of micronutrients (7.3 and 7.2 Mg ha-1 for BS 100% and BS 200%, respectively) was higher than in control group (6.2 Mg ha-1) and similar to a commercial reference product (7.1 Mg ha-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Micronutrient bioavailability from BS was higher than from a reference commercial fertilizer.
- Treatment
- BSe1
- Outcome
- Bioavailability of micronutrientse1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- reference commercial fertilizere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Biofortification of maize grains”
e1“Bioavailability of micronutrients from BS was shown to be higher than from reference commercial fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Groups fertilized with BS at nominal micronutrient dose had the highest micronutrient content delivered to plants (Cu, Mn and Zn).
- Treatment
- BS in nominal dose of micronutrientse1
- Outcome
- content of micronutrients delivered to plantse1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 1.79, 7.08 and 28.55 mg kg-1e1
- Qualifier
- Cu, Mn and Zne1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Biofortification of maize grains”
e1“The highest content of micronutrients delivered to plants was observed for groups fertilized with BS in nominal dose of micronutrients (1.79, 7.08 and 28.55 mg kg-1 for Cu, Mn and Zn, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Cu content of maize was 5.6% higher than in the untreated group.
- Treatment
- BS in nominal dose of micronutrientse2
- Outcome
- content of each micronutriente1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 5.6%e1
- Qualifier
- Cue1
- Comparator
- untreated groupe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Biofortification of maize grains”
e1“The content of each micronutrient was 5.6% (Cu) 12.1% (Mn) and 12.6% (Zn) higher than in untreated group and 8.9% (Cu) 9.7% (Mn) and 8.7% (Zn) higher than commercial reference micronutrient fertilizer”
e2“The highest content of micronutrients delivered to plants was observed for groups fertilized with BS in nominal dose of micronutrients (1.79, 7.08 and 28.55 mg kg-1 for Cu, Mn and Zn, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mn content of maize was 12.1% higher than in the untreated group.
- Treatment
- BS in nominal dose of micronutrientse2
- Outcome
- content of each micronutriente1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 12.1%e1
- Qualifier
- Mne1
- Comparator
- untreated groupe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Biofortification of maize grains”
e1“The content of each micronutrient was 5.6% (Cu) 12.1% (Mn) and 12.6% (Zn) higher than in untreated group and 8.9% (Cu) 9.7% (Mn) and 8.7% (Zn) higher than commercial reference micronutrient fertilizer”
e2“The highest content of micronutrients delivered to plants was observed for groups fertilized with BS in nominal dose of micronutrients (1.79, 7.08 and 28.55 mg kg-1 for Cu, Mn and Zn, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn content of maize was 12.6% higher than in the untreated group.
- Treatment
- BS in nominal dose of micronutrientse2
- Outcome
- content of each micronutriente1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 12.6%e1
- Qualifier
- Zne1
- Comparator
- untreated groupe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Biofortification of maize grains”
e1“The content of each micronutrient was 5.6% (Cu) 12.1% (Mn) and 12.6% (Zn) higher than in untreated group and 8.9% (Cu) 9.7% (Mn) and 8.7% (Zn) higher than commercial reference micronutrient fertilizer”
e2“The highest content of micronutrients delivered to plants was observed for groups fertilized with BS in nominal dose of micronutrients (1.79, 7.08 and 28.55 mg kg-1 for Cu, Mn and Zn, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Cu content of maize was 8.9% higher than with the commercial reference micronutrient fertilizer.
- Treatment
- BS in nominal dose of micronutrientse2
- Outcome
- content of each micronutriente1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 8.9%e1
- Qualifier
- Cue1
- Comparator
- commercial reference micronutrient fertilizere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Biofortification of maize grains”
e1“The content of each micronutrient was 5.6% (Cu) 12.1% (Mn) and 12.6% (Zn) higher than in untreated group and 8.9% (Cu) 9.7% (Mn) and 8.7% (Zn) higher than commercial reference micronutrient fertilizer”
e2“The highest content of micronutrients delivered to plants was observed for groups fertilized with BS in nominal dose of micronutrients (1.79, 7.08 and 28.55 mg kg-1 for Cu, Mn and Zn, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mn content of maize was 9.7% higher than with the commercial reference micronutrient fertilizer.
- Treatment
- BS in nominal dose of micronutrientse2
- Outcome
- content of each micronutriente1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 9.7%e1
- Qualifier
- Mne1
- Comparator
- commercial reference micronutrient fertilizere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Biofortification of maize grains”
e1“The content of each micronutrient was 5.6% (Cu) 12.1% (Mn) and 12.6% (Zn) higher than in untreated group and 8.9% (Cu) 9.7% (Mn) and 8.7% (Zn) higher than commercial reference micronutrient fertilizer”
e2“The highest content of micronutrients delivered to plants was observed for groups fertilized with BS in nominal dose of micronutrients (1.79, 7.08 and 28.55 mg kg-1 for Cu, Mn and Zn, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn content of maize was 8.7% higher than with the commercial reference micronutrient fertilizer.
- Treatment
- BS in nominal dose of micronutrientse2
- Outcome
- content of each micronutriente1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 8.7%e1
- Qualifier
- Zne1
- Comparator
- commercial reference micronutrient fertilizere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Biofortification of maize grains”
e1“The content of each micronutrient was 5.6% (Cu) 12.1% (Mn) and 12.6% (Zn) higher than in untreated group and 8.9% (Cu) 9.7% (Mn) and 8.7% (Zn) higher than commercial reference micronutrient fertilizer”
e2“The highest content of micronutrients delivered to plants was observed for groups fertilized with BS in nominal dose of micronutrients (1.79, 7.08 and 28.55 mg kg-1 for Cu, Mn and Zn, respectively)”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.