Abstract
SummaryFour plant growth regulators, paclobutrazol, daminozide, glyphosate and 2,4-D, were added individually to a mixture of magnesium silicate gel and germinated tomato seeds. 2,4-D inhibited emergence at 0.1 and 1.0 ppm and was highly toxic to the seeds. Glyphosate suppressed emergence at concentrations greater than 25 ppm as measured by emergence rate, but at 1 ppm emergence was not significantly different from the germinated control. Glyphosate at concentrations greater than or equal to 25 ppm suppressed seedling growth. Paclobutrazol reduced emergence and markedly suppressed plant growth at 25 and 50 ppm, but at a 1 ppm seed emergence was not significantly inhibited and the seedlings developed into healthy, stocky transplants. Daminozide did not suppress either emergence or seedling growth. The results also indicated that gels can be an effective medium to introduce growth regulators into tomato plants at the germination stage in fluid drilling.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
2,4-D inhibited tomato emergence at 0.1 and 1.0 ppm.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- 2,4-De0
- Outcome
- emergencee0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Value
- 0.1 and 1.0 ppme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“2,4-D inhibited emergence at 0.1 and 1.0 ppm and was highly toxic to the seeds.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
2,4-D was highly toxic to tomato seeds.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 2,4-De0
- Outcome
- toxic to the seedse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“2,4-D inhibited emergence at 0.1 and 1.0 ppm and was highly toxic to the seeds.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate above 25 ppm suppressed emergence rate.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- emergence ratee0
- Direction
- suppressede0
- Value
- 25 ppme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate suppressed emergence at concentrations greater than 25 ppm as measured by emergence rate”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate at 1 ppm did not significantly differ in emergence from control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 1 ppme0
- Outcome
- emergencee0
- Direction
- not significantly differente0
- Comparator
- germinated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at 1 ppm emergence was not significantly different from the germinated control.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate at at least 25 ppm suppressed seedling growth.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate at concentrations greater than or equal to 25 ppme0
- Outcome
- seedling growthe0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate at concentrations greater than or equal to 25 ppm suppressed seedling growth.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Paclobutrazol reduced emergence at 25 and 50 ppm.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Paclobutrazole0
- Outcome
- emergencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 25 and 50 ppme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Paclobutrazol reduced emergence and markedly suppressed plant growth at 25 and 50 ppm”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Paclobutrazol suppressed growth at 25 and 50 ppm.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Paclobutrazole0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- suppressede0
- Value
- 25 and 50 ppme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Paclobutrazol reduced emergence and markedly suppressed plant growth at 25 and 50 ppm”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Paclobutrazol at 1 ppm did not significantly inhibit emergence.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 1 ppme0
- Outcome
- seed emergencee0
- Direction
- not significantly inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at a 1 ppm seed emergence was not significantly inhibited”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Paclobutrazol at 1 ppm produced healthy stocky transplants.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Paclobutrazole0
- Outcome
- healthy, stocky transplantse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Paclobutrazol reduced emergence and markedly suppressed plant growth at 25 and 50 ppm, but at a 1 ppm seed emergence was not significantly inhibited and the seedlings developed into healthy, stocky transplants.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Daminozide did not suppress emergence.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Daminozidee0
- Outcome
- emergencee0
- Direction
- did not suppresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Daminozide did not suppress either emergence or seedling growth.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Daminozide did not suppress seedling growth.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Daminozidee0
- Outcome
- seedling growthe0
- Direction
- did not suppresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Daminozide did not suppress either emergence or seedling growth.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Gels effectively introduced regulators during fluid drilling.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- germination stagee0
- Treatment
- growth regulatorse0
- Outcome
- effective mediume0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“gels can be an effective medium to introduce growth regulators into tomato plants at the germination stage in fluid drilling.”
The same questions in other papers
Daminozide · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 9 papers →paclobutrazol · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 16 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 27 papers →glyphosate · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- negative
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →2,4-D · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.