Abstract
Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are a promising technology with a potential to improve the irradiance efficiency, light quality, and the light spectrum for increasing plant yield and quality. In this experiment, we investigated the impacts of various LED light qualities, including 100% red, 100% blue, 70% red + 30% blue, and 100% white, on the growth and photosynthesis, phytochemical contents, and mineral element concentrations in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. 'Grizzly') in comparison to normal greenhouse conditions. Photon flux of 300 µmol m-2 s-1 was provided for 14 h by 120 LEDs set on a 60 cm Ă 60 cm sheet of aluminum platform in the growth chambers, where plants were grown for 60 d. Fresh mass per plant was significantly higher when grown under 100% blue and 70% red + 30% blue LEDs compared to the other environments including greenhouse conditions. Phytochemical concentrations and a nutritive value of lettuce were also significantly affected by the light treatments. Chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations increased in the plants grown under 70% red + 30% blue LEDs compared to those grown in the greenhouse. Vitamin C content was 2.25-fold higher in the plants grown under 100% blue LEDs compared to those grown in the greenhouse. Higher photosynthesis and maximal quantum yield of PSII photochemistry were also observed in the plants treated with LED lights. The application of LED light led to the elevated concentrations of macro-and micronutrients in lettuce possibly because of the direct effect of LED light and lower stress conditions in the growth chambers compared to the greenhouse. Although the mechanism of the changes in lettuce grown under LED is not well understood, the results of this study demonstrated that LED light could be used to enhance the growth and nutritional value of lettuce in indoor plant production facilities.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh mass was significantly higher under 100% blue LEDs than other environments.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativat0 - Treatment
- 100% bluee0
- Outcome
- Fresh mass per plante0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- other environments including greenhouse conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fresh mass per plant was significantly higher when grown under 100% blue and 70% red + 30% blue LEDs compared to the other environments including greenhouse conditions”
t0“lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh mass was significantly higher under 70% red + 30% blue LEDs than other environments.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- 70% red + 30% blue LEDse0
- Outcome
- Fresh mass per plante0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- other environments including greenhouse conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fresh mass per plant was significantly higher when grown under 100% blue and 70% red + 30% blue LEDs compared to the other environments including greenhouse conditions”
t0“lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
Phytochemical concentrations and nutritive value were significantly affected by light treatments.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- light treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Phytochemical concentrations and a nutritive valuee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phytochemical concentrations and a nutritive value of lettuce were also significantly affected by the light treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations increased under 70% red + 30% blue LEDs versus greenhouse.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- 70% red + 30% blue LEDse0
- Outcome
- Chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- those grown in the greenhousee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations increased in the plants grown under 70% red + 30% blue LEDs compared to those grown in the greenhouse”
t0“lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
Vitamin C content was 2.25-fold higher under 100% blue LEDs than in greenhouse.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- 100% blue LEDse0
- Outcome
- Vitamin C contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 2.25-folde0
- Comparator
- those grown in the greenhousee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Vitamin C content was 2.25-fold higher in the plants grown under 100% blue LEDs compared to those grown in the greenhouse”
t0“lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
Photosynthesis and PSII maximal quantum yield were higher under LED lights.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- LED lightse0
- Outcome
- photosynthesis and maximal quantum yield of PSII photochemistrye0
- Direction
- Highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher photosynthesis and maximal quantum yield of PSII photochemistry were also observed in the plants treated with LED lights”
t0“lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
LED lighting elevated macro- and micronutrient concentrations in lettuce.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- LED lighte0
- Outcome
- concentrations of macro-and micronutrientse0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of LED light led to the elevated concentrations of macro-and micronutrients in lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors suggest LED lights could enhance lettuce growth and nutritional value in indoor production.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- LED lighte0
- Outcome
- enhance the growth and nutritional valuee0
- Setting
- indoor plant production facilitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“LED light could be used to enhance the growth and nutritional value of lettuce in indoor plant production facilities”
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