Abstract
Seed was collected from jojoba [Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneider] plants growing at three field sites in two years. The wax percentage was determined by nuclear magnetic resonance and the compositions of the wax and the ethanolysis products (one site only) were determined by gas chromatography. The mean wax concentration varied from 49.2 to 55.1% over all sites and years. The percentage of long-chain wax esters (>C40) decreased linearly with increase in mean maximum temperature during the period of linear seed growth (r² = 0.93). The decrease in long-chain esters was associated with a decrease in the C22 and C24 fatty acids and alcohols. Data from controlled environment studies and from field studies were used to assess the effect of temperature on the percentage elongation, reduction and esterification of acyl-CoAs of carbon lengths 18-22. High temperature lowered the specificity for elongation of C20-C22 and of C22-C,24 and increased the specificity for reduction of the C20 acid to its corresponding alcohol. The amount of C42 wax ester was greater than would be expected by random association of the alkoxy-acyl groups but this preference was not as great at high temperatures.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Jojoba seed wax concentration varied from 49.2 to 55.1% across sites and years.
- Taxon
- Simmondsia chinensis
Simmondsia chinensise0 - Outcome
- mean wax concentratione1
- Value
- 49.2 to 55.1%e1
- Setting
- three field sitese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed was collected from jojoba [Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneider] plants growing at three field sites in two years”
e1“The mean wax concentration varied from 49.2 to 55.1% over all sites and years”
Claim · model-written summary
The percentage of long-chain wax esters (>C40) decreased linearly as mean maximum temperature increased during linear seed growth.
- Taxon
- Simmondsia chinensisSimmondsia chinensise0
- Treatment
- increase in mean maximum temperaturee2
- Outcome
- percentage of long-chain wax esters (>C40)e2
- Direction
- decreasede2
- Value
- r² = 0.93e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed was collected from jojoba [Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneider] plants growing at three field sites in two years”
e2“The percentage of long-chain wax esters (>C40) decreased linearly with increase in mean maximum temperature during the period of linear seed growth (r² = 0.93)”
Claim · model-written summary
The decrease in long-chain esters was associated with a decrease in C22 and C24 fatty acids and alcohols in jojoba wax.
- Taxon
- Simmondsia chinensisSimmondsia chinensise0
- Compound
- long-chain esterse3
- Outcome
- C22 and C24 fatty acids and alcoholse3
- Direction
- decreasee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed was collected from jojoba [Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneider] plants growing at three field sites in two years”
e3“The decrease in long-chain esters was associated with a decrease in the C22 and C24 fatty acids and alcohols”
Claim · model-written summary
High temperature lowered the specificity of jojoba acyl-CoA elongation for C20-C22 and C22-C24.
- Taxon
- Simmondsia chinensisSimmondsia chinensise0
- Treatment
- High temperaturee4
- Outcome
- specificity for elongation of C20-C22 and of C22-C,24e4
- Direction
- lowerede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed was collected from jojoba [Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneider] plants growing at three field sites in two years”
e4“High temperature lowered the specificity for elongation of C20-C22 and of C22-C,24 and increased the specificity for reduction of the C20 acid to its corresponding alcohol”
Claim · model-written summary
High temperature increased the specificity of jojoba reduction of the C20 acid to its corresponding alcohol.
- Taxon
- Simmondsia chinensisSimmondsia chinensise0
- Treatment
- High temperaturee4
- Outcome
- specificity for reduction of the C20 acid to its corresponding alcohole4
- Direction
- increasede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed was collected from jojoba [Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneider] plants growing at three field sites in two years”
e4“High temperature lowered the specificity for elongation of C20-C22 and of C22-C,24 and increased the specificity for reduction of the C20 acid to its corresponding alcohol”
Claim · model-written summary
The amount of C42 wax ester in jojoba was greater than expected by random association of the alkoxy-acyl groups.
- Taxon
- Simmondsia chinensisSimmondsia chinensise0
- Outcome
- amount of C42 wax estere5
- Direction
- greatere5
- Comparator
- random association of the alkoxy-acyl groupse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed was collected from jojoba [Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneider] plants growing at three field sites in two years”
e5“The amount of C42 wax ester was greater than would be expected by random association of the alkoxy-acyl groups”
Claim · model-written summary
The preference for C42 wax ester over random association was not as great at high temperatures.
- Taxon
- Simmondsia chinensisSimmondsia chinensise0
- Treatment
- high temperaturese6
- Outcome
- preferencee6
- Direction
- not as greate6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed was collected from jojoba [Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneider] plants growing at three field sites in two years”
e6“this preference was not as great at high temperatures”