Abstract
Black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel, attack during the coleoptile to one-leaf stage of corn development caused significant loss of plants (27%) and yield (2,900 kg/ha) if there was just one insect of cutting age (4th instar and older) per m of row (24 insects per 24 m). Essentially, the decrease in percent plant stand and yield was directly proportional to the increase in larval density; however, the yield loss attributed to 2 insects per m (48 insects per 24 m) was similar to that of one insect because of yield compensation by uncut plants. When corn was attacked by black cutworm during the two-leaf to three-leaf stage of development, there was not a significant decrease in potential yield until there were three insects per m of row (72 insects per 24 m). Black cutworm attack during four-leaf to five-leaf stage of corn development usually did not cause declines in plant stand or potential yield. When conditions were dry (9.6 cm of accumulated precipitation)during the period of black cutworm attack, 60% cutting affected the potential yield as much as 87% cutting affected the potential yield when conditions were damp (28 cm of accumulated precipitation).
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
One cutting-age cutworm per meter at the coleoptile to one-leaf stage caused 27% plant loss.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Organ / stage
- coleoptile to one-leaf stagee0
- Interactor
- Black cutwormt0pest
- Outcome
- loss of plantse0
- Value
- 27%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“attack during the coleoptile to one-leaf stage of corn development caused significant loss of plants (27%) and yield (2,900 kg/ha) if there was just one insect of cutting age (4th instar and older) per m of row”
t0“Black Cutworm”
Claim · model-written summary
One cutting-age cutworm per meter at the coleoptile to one-leaf stage caused 2,900 kg/ha yield loss.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Organ / stage
- coleoptile to one-leaf stagee0
- Interactor
- Black cutwormt0pest
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Value
- 2,900 kg/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“attack during the coleoptile to one-leaf stage of corn development caused significant loss of plants (27%) and yield (2,900 kg/ha) if there was just one insect of cutting age (4th instar and older) per m of row”
t0“Black Cutworm”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant stand declined proportionally with rising larval density.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Interactor
- Black Cutwormt0pest
- Outcome
- percent plant stande0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the decrease in percent plant stand and yield was directly proportional to the increase in larval density”
t0“Corn Seedling Growth Stage and Black Cutworm”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield declined proportionally with rising larval density.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Interactor
- Black Cutwormt0pest
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the decrease in percent plant stand and yield was directly proportional to the increase in larval density”
t0“Corn Seedling Growth Stage and Black Cutworm”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield loss with two insects per meter was similar to one insect per meter owing to compensation by uncut plants.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Interactor
- Black Cutwormt0pest
- Outcome
- yield losse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- one insecte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the yield loss attributed to 2 insects per m (48 insects per 24 m) was similar to that of one insect because of yield compensation by uncut plants”
t0“Corn Seedling Growth Stage and Black Cutworm”
Claim · model-written summary
At two- to three-leaf stage, potential yield did not decline significantly until three insects per meter.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Organ / stage
- two-leaf to three-leaf stagee0
- Interactor
- black cutworme0pest
- Outcome
- potential yielde0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When corn was attacked by black cutworm during the two-leaf to three-leaf stage of development, there was not a significant decrease in potential yield until there were three insects per m of row (72 insects per 24 m)”
t0“Corn Seedling Growth Stage and Black Cutworm”
Claim · model-written summary
Cutworm attack at four- to five-leaf stage usually did not reduce plant stand or potential yield.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Organ / stage
- four-leaf to five-leaf stagee0
- Interactor
- Black cutworme0pest
- Outcome
- plant stand or potential yielde0
- Direction
- did not cause declinese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Black cutworm attack during four-leaf to five-leaf stage of corn development usually did not cause declines in plant stand or potential yield”
t0“Corn Seedling Growth Stage and Black Cutworm”
Claim · model-written summary
Under dry conditions 60% cutting affected potential yield as much as 87% cutting under damp conditions.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Interactor
- black cutworme0pest
- Outcome
- potential yielde0
- Value
- 60% cuttinge0
- Comparator
- 87% cuttinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When conditions were dry (9.6 cm of accumulated precipitation)during the period of black cutworm attack, 60% cutting affected the potential yield as much as 87% cutting affected the potential yield when conditions were damp (28 cm of accumulated precipitation)”
t0“Corn Seedling Growth Stage and Black Cutworm”