Abstract
An apparatus was developed for applying heat treatments to spikes on plants growing in the field. This apparatus gave very satisfactory results on self-fertilized zygotes of Marquis wheat. Treatments at 42, 43, and 44 °C. for 20 min. induced chromosome doubling in 2% of the plants.A wide variety of temperature treatments was applied to more than 13,000 wheat florets 16 to 27 hr. after being pollinated with A. glaucum, in an attempt to produce fertile and stable F 1 hybrids. Chromosome doubling was induced in one F 1 plant of Kharkov × A. glaucum by exposure to alternating temperatures of 36° and 109° F. The resulting 84-chromosome plant grew slowly and failed to produce any spikes, as was the case with a number of 42-chromosome plants of this cross. Consequently there is uncertainty as to whether this plant is inherently abnormal aside from chromosome doubling, or whether the chromosome number is too high for normal development. It must be concluded from the results as a whole, that chromosome doubling by means of temperature treatments can be induced only with great difficulty in Triticum–A. glaucum hybrids.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
The heat-treatment apparatus gave very satisfactory results on self-fertilized zygotes of Marquis wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Material
- Marquise1
- Outcome
- very satisfactory resultse1
- Setting
- in the fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An apparatus was developed for applying heat treatments to spikes on plants growing in the field”
e1“This apparatus gave very satisfactory results on self-fertilized zygotes of Marquis wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat treatments at 42, 43 and 44 °C for 20 min induced chromosome doubling in 2% of wheat plants.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Treatments at 42, 43, and 44 °C. for 20 min.e2
- Outcome
- chromosome doublinge2
- Value
- 2%e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“This apparatus gave very satisfactory results on self-fertilized zygotes of Marquis wheat”
e2“Treatments at 42, 43, and 44 °C. for 20 min. induced chromosome doubling in 2% of the plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Alternating temperatures of 36 and 109 °F induced chromosome doubling in one F1 plant of Kharkov x A. glaucum.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- Kharkov × A. glaucume3
- Treatment
- alternating temperatures of 36° and 109° Fe3
- Outcome
- chromosome doublinge3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“This apparatus gave very satisfactory results on self-fertilized zygotes of Marquis wheat”
e3“Chromosome doubling was induced in one F 1 plant of Kharkov × A. glaucum by exposure to alternating temperatures of 36° and 109° F”
Claim · model-written summary
The resulting 84-chromosome wheat hybrid plant grew slowly and failed to produce any spikes.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- 84-chromosome plante4
- Outcome
- failed to produce any spikese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“This apparatus gave very satisfactory results on self-fertilized zygotes of Marquis wheat”
e4“The resulting 84-chromosome plant grew slowly and failed to produce any spikes, as was the case with a number of 42-chromosome plants of this cross”
Claim · model-written summary
A number of 42-chromosome plants of the same cross also failed to produce spikes.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- 42-chromosome plants of this crosse4
- Outcome
- failed to produce any spikese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“This apparatus gave very satisfactory results on self-fertilized zygotes of Marquis wheat”
e4“The resulting 84-chromosome plant grew slowly and failed to produce any spikes, as was the case with a number of 42-chromosome plants of this cross”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromosome doubling by temperature treatments can be induced in Triticum x A. glaucum hybrids only with great difficulty.
- Outcome
- chromosome doubling by means of temperature treatmentse5
- Qualifier
- only with great difficultye5
TriticumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“chromosome doubling by means of temperature treatments can be induced only with great difficulty in Triticum–A. glaucum hybrids”