Abstract
(XI) On forecast of fruit bearing percentage in rice. In 1951 and 1952, the authors tried to find out methods for forecasting fruit bearing percentage in rice plant, making experiments to ascertain, on the one hand, the period in which fruit bearing percentage is finally determined and, on the other hand, to trace up the process in which the percentage is destined. Various degrees of fruit bearing percentage were obtained by cutting leaf-blades at different growing stages of 3 varieties differing in earliness of maturity. Tracing up the fruiting process of grains was made by measuring specific gravity of developing grains (air dried) at an interval of 5-7 days after heading. Results obtained are summarized as follows: (1) The period in which fruit bearing percentage of medium maturing variety is finally determined, in most cases, is about 33-38-days after heading, and 20 days prior to maturity. But the period varies with varieties and years to a considerable extent. (2) It has been made clear that there exists the period in which the fruit bearing percentage is destined and the period is considerably previous to that in which the percentage is finally determined. And the period has been proved to be at about 17th day after heading for the early maturing variety, and 22-27th day after heading for the medium and late variety used. Moreover, in all cases differing in cultivating conditions or in stages and in degrees subjected to cutting treatment of leaf-blades, fruit bearing percentage of medium variety used has been observed to be destined at about 21st day after heading. (3) As number of days from heading when fruit bearing percentage is destined varies with varietes and with years, it seems to be unavailab1e in forecasting the percentage. Therefore, it is necessary to find out a method by means of which fruit bearing percentage can be forcast in every case differing in vgrieties and years. In consequence of examining the data here obtained, the authors have ascertained that fruit bearing percentage in every case will be able to be forecast by investigating the developing preocess of grains as follows. (4) Taking a given value of specific gravity for a standard, the percentage of grains heavier than the standard specific gravity to total number of sampled grains always increases with maturity. And the period when the rate of increase in the percentage above mentioned reaches a maximum and thereafter the rate begins to decrease remarkably has been proved to be the period in which fruit bearing percentage is destined. (5) At this critical period, the persentage of grains heavier than a standard specific gravity is always highly correlated with final fruit bearing percentage in evry case differing in varieties and in cultivating conditions or in stages and in degrees subjected to cutting treatment of leaf-blades. Accordingly, this present correlation is considered to be utilized as a criterion for forecasting fruit bearing percentage of rice plant. (Whatever value of specific gravity one may take as a standard, one can obtain almost identical results. But, it is recommendable to use the value 1.00 as a standard for getting most exact results.)
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Medium-maturing rice fruit-bearing percentage was usually finalized 33-38 days after heading, 20 days before maturity.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Outcome
- fruit bearing percentage of medium maturing variety is finally determinede0
- Value
- 33-38-days after headinge0
- Qualifier
- 20 days prior to maturitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The period in which fruit bearing percentage of medium maturing variety is finally determined, in most cases, is about 33-38-days after heading, and 20 days prior to maturity”
t0“Lowland Rice (Preliminary report)”
Claim · model-written summary
The final determination period varied considerably across varieties and years.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- period varies with varieties and yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the period varies with varieties and years to a considerable extent”
t0“Lowland Rice (Preliminary report)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit-bearing percentage was destined around day 17 after heading in the early variety.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- early maturing varietye0
- Outcome
- periode0
- Value
- 17th day after headinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the period has been proved to be at about 17th day after heading for the early maturing variety”
t0“Lowland Rice (Preliminary report)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit-bearing percentage was destined 22-27 days after heading in medium and late varieties.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- medium and late varietye0
- Outcome
- 22-27th day after headinge0
- Value
- 22-27th day after headinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“22-27th day after heading for the medium and late variety used”
t0“Lowland Rice (Preliminary report)”
Claim · model-written summary
Across cultivation and cutting conditions, the medium variety was destined around day 21 after heading.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- fruit bearing percentage of medium variety usede0
- Value
- 21st day after headinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fruit bearing percentage of medium variety used has been observed to be destined at about 21st day after heading”
t0“Lowland Rice (Preliminary report)”
Claim · model-written summary
The percentage of grains above a specific-gravity standard increased with maturity.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- grainse0
- Outcome
- percentage of grains heavier than the standard specific gravitye0
- Direction
- increasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the percentage of grains heavier than the standard specific gravity to total number of sampled grains always increases with maturity”
t0“Lowland Rice (Preliminary report)”
Claim · model-written summary
The point when the percentage increase peaked and then slowed marked when fruit-bearing percentage was destined.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- period in which fruit bearing percentage is destinede0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the period when the rate of increase in the percentage above mentioned reaches a maximum and thereafter the rate begins to decrease remarkably has been proved to be the period in which fruit bearing percentage is destined”
t0“Lowland Rice (Preliminary report)”
Claim · model-written summary
At the critical period, percentage of grains above standard specific gravity was highly correlated with final fruit-bearing percentage.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- grainse0
- Outcome
- final fruit bearing percentagee0
- Qualifier
- persentage of grains heavier than a standard specific gravitye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the persentage of grains heavier than a standard specific gravity is always highly correlated with final fruit bearing percentage”
t0“Lowland Rice (Preliminary report)”
Claim · model-written summary
The correlation could serve as a rice fruit-bearing forecast criterion.
- Taxon
- rice plantOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- forecasting fruit bearing percentagee0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this present correlation is considered to be utilized as a criterion for forecasting fruit bearing percentage of rice plant”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend a specific-gravity standard of 1.00 for the most exact forecasts.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- use the value 1.00 as a standarde0
- Value
- 1.00e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it is recommendable to use the value 1.00 as a standard for getting most exact results”
t0“Lowland Rice (Preliminary report)”