Abstract
Red clover (Trifolium pratens L.) is recognized as the most suitable plant for improving herbage on the grass land, and as a rotation crop on the field, from such the ecological features as the resistibility against snow damage and as the vigorous growth in early spring in the snowy Hokuriku district. Hence, the relation between the fertilization and the bees was investigated, as a fundamental datum in red clover production, at the Takada Farm of Hokuriku Branch of Agricultural Experiment Station in Japan. The results of this investigation were summarized as follows : (1) The relation between the percentage of the fertilization and the flowering period; the percentage of the fertilization is high in the first flowering time, and low in the second in generally. It shows an inverse relation against in Hokkaido, the reason, however, may be due to the differences of the bees visitation--mainly their sorts and visiting time. (2) From observations and investigations, it has been found that the pollination of red clover is effected by seven species of the bees--Bombus diversus S., Bombus igunitus S., Eucera difficilis P., Eucera sp?, Apis mellifica L., Andrena consimilis A., Megachila sasakiella C., (3) The relation between the fertilization of red clover and the flying-numbers of bees were as follows : i. Bombus genus most renders for services to the fertilization considering their flying numbers on the head flowers ; ii. Apis m. is not so effective in spite of the flying number being the most numerous ; iii. Eucera genus was recognized as considerable numbers on the flower head, and also has fairly connection for the fertilization. (4) It is an established fact that the Apis m. serves a little for the fertilization of the red clover, but not so easy finding that whether she can sips or not the flower honey.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Red clover fertilization percentage was high at first flowering and low at second flowering.
- Taxon
- Red clover
Trifolium pratensee1 - Organ / stage
- first flowering timee0
- Outcome
- percentage of the fertilizatione0
- Direction
- highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the percentage of the fertilization is high in the first flowering time, and low in the second in generally”
e1“Red clover (Trifolium pratens L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seven bee species were observed pollinating red clover.
- Taxon
- red cloverTrifolium pratensee0
- Interactor
- beesAnthophilae0pollinator
- Outcome
- pollination of red clovere0
- Value
- seven speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the pollination of red clover is effected by seven species of the bees--Bombus diversus S., Bombus igunitus S., Eucera difficilis P., Eucera sp?, Apis mellifica L., Andrena consimilis A., Megachila sasakiella C.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bombus contributed most to red clover fertilization when flying numbers on flower heads were considered.
- Taxon
- red cloverTrifolium pratensee1
- Interactor
- Bombus genuse0pollinator
- Outcome
- fertilizatione0
- Direction
- moste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bombus genus most renders for services to the fertilization considering their flying numbers on the head flowers”
e1“red clover production”
Claim · model-written summary
Apis m. was comparatively ineffective for red clover fertilization despite being most numerous.
- Taxon
- red cloverTrifolium pratensee1
- Interactor
- Apis m.e0pollinator
- Outcome
- fertilizatione1
- Direction
- not so effectivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Apis m. is not so effective in spite of the flying number being the most numerous”
e1“fertilization of red clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Eucera was present in considerable numbers on red clover flower heads and was fairly connected to fertilization.
- Taxon
- red cloverTrifolium pratensee1
- Interactor
- Eucera genuse0pollinator
- Outcome
- fertilizatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Eucera genus was recognized as considerable numbers on the flower head, and also has fairly connection for the fertilization”
e1“fertilization of red clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Apis m. made a small contribution to red clover fertilization.
- Taxon
- red cloverTrifolium pratensee0
- Interactor
- Apis m.e0pollinator
- Outcome
- fertilization of the red clovere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Apis m. serves a little for the fertilization of the red clover”