Abstract
Larval tobacco budworms, Heliothis virescens (F.), are capable of ingesting a lethal inoculation of Heliothis nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) during eclosion from treated eggs. Applications should coincide as closely as possible with egg hatch to maximize infection. At the high dose of 1.24 × 1012 polyhedral inclusion bodies per ha, for example, mortality of larvae declined from 79.7%, when eggs were sprayed just before hatching, to 19.4%, when treatment was made on newly laid eggs. Treatments made at various intervals after young larvae were placed on the cotton terminals indicated that precise timing is essential to achieve a high level of viral mortality. The value of adding a feeding adjuvant to the virus was shown when sprays were delayed after larval placement on the plants; a 4-day delay resulted in mortalities of 15.4 and 40.0%, respectively, for the virus alone and virus + Coax treatments.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying eggs just before hatching gave 79.7% larval mortality compared with 19.4% when sprayed on newly laid eggs
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume2 - Treatment
- sprayed just before hatchinge1
- Interactor
- Heliothis virescens
Heliothis virescense0pest - Second interactor
- Heliothis nuclear polyhedrosis viruse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- mortality of larvaee1
- Direction
- declinede1
- Value
- 79.7%e1
- Qualifier
- 19.4%e1
- Comparator
- newly laid eggse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Larval tobacco budworms, Heliothis virescens (F.), are capable of ingesting a lethal inoculation of Heliothis nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) during eclosion from treated eggs”
e1“mortality of larvae declined from 79.7%, when eggs were sprayed just before hatching, to 19.4%, when treatment was made on newly laid eggs”
e2“Treatments made at various intervals after young larvae were placed on the cotton terminals indicated that precise timing is essential to achieve a high level of viral mortality”
Claim · model-written summary
Precise timing of NPV application after larval placement is essential for a high level of viral mortality on cotton
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume2
- Outcome
- high level of viral mortalitye2
- Qualifier
- precise timing is essentiale2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Larval tobacco budworms, Heliothis virescens (F.), are capable of ingesting a lethal inoculation of Heliothis nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) during eclosion from treated eggs”
e2“Treatments made at various intervals after young larvae were placed on the cotton terminals indicated that precise timing is essential to achieve a high level of viral mortality”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding a feeding adjuvant to the virus gave higher larval mortality than virus alone after a 4-day delay in spraying
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume2
- Treatment
- feeding adjuvante3
- Interactor
- Heliothis virescensHeliothis virescense0pest
- Outcome
- mortalitiese3
- Direction
- higherinferrede3
- Value
- 40.0%e3
- Qualifier
- 4-day delaye3
- Comparator
- virus alonee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Larval tobacco budworms, Heliothis virescens (F.), are capable of ingesting a lethal inoculation of Heliothis nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) during eclosion from treated eggs”
e2“Treatments made at various intervals after young larvae were placed on the cotton terminals indicated that precise timing is essential to achieve a high level of viral mortality”
e3“The value of adding a feeding adjuvant to the virus was shown when sprays were delayed after larval placement on the plants; a 4-day delay resulted in mortalities of 15.4 and 40.0%, respectively, for the virus alone and virus + Coax treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Virus alone gave 15.4% larval mortality after a 4-day delay in spraying
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume2
- Interactor
- Heliothis virescensHeliothis virescense0pest
- Outcome
- mortalitiese3
- Value
- 15.4e3
- Qualifier
- 4-day delaye3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Larval tobacco budworms, Heliothis virescens (F.), are capable of ingesting a lethal inoculation of Heliothis nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) during eclosion from treated eggs”
e2“Treatments made at various intervals after young larvae were placed on the cotton terminals indicated that precise timing is essential to achieve a high level of viral mortality”
e3“The value of adding a feeding adjuvant to the virus was shown when sprays were delayed after larval placement on the plants; a 4-day delay resulted in mortalities of 15.4 and 40.0%, respectively, for the virus alone and virus + Coax treatments”
The same questions in other papers
application · Heliothis virescens · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
infection · Heliothis virescens · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.