Abstract
Using materials differing in heading response from the previous study (TAKEI and SAKAMOTO 1987), the variations in the effects of daylength and temperature on floral initiation and panicle development in foxtall millet (Setaria italica P. BEAUV.) were investigated. Type I strains, those from Europe and Afghanistan, initiate the floral buds without short-day stimulus. In these strains, floral initiation rather depends on the degree of vegeta-tive growih, although panicle development is accelerated by short-day and high temperature conditions. The number of days to heading depends consequently on temperature conditions. Strains from Okinawa, Batan Is., and Lan-Yu Is. which showed sensitivity to daylength, did not necessarily need short-day stimulus for panicle initiation, but panicle development was accelerated by short day. Type II strains, those from low latitudinal areas have a long basic vegetative growth period and the duration of this period is reduced by high temperature conditions. In addition, these strains need many cycles of short-day to induce the floral buds. The requirement of short-day cycles for floral initiation and morphological development is reduced by aging. The heading of the strain from Halmahera Is. (2°N), the representative of Type II, is accelerated by 10 hrs. of light, but floral initiation does not necessarily take place as a response to the subtle change of daylength of this low latitude locality. The strain from Thailand is sensitive to a wide range of daylength. It should be identified as the fourth type, Type IV, characterized by a long basic vegetative growth period and high sensitivity to daylength. The strains from the Temperate Zone are sensitive to changes of daylength. The strain 403, from Kochi Prefecture, which is a representative of Type III and is an obligate short-day plant, shows a striking response to daylength only one week after sowing, and only a few cycles of short-day stimulus are enough for floral inductlon.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Type I foxtail millet strains from Europe and Afghanistan initiate floral buds without short-day stimulus.
- Taxon
- foxtail millet
Setaria italicat0 - Material
- Type I strains, those from Europe and Afghanistane0
- Outcome
- initiate the floral buds without short-day stimuluse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“foxtail millet”
e0“Type I strains, those from Europe and Afghanistan, initiate the floral buds without short-day stimulus”
Claim · model-written summary
Panicle development of Type I strains is accelerated by short-day and high temperature conditions.
- Taxon
- foxtail milletSetaria italicat0
- Treatment
- short-day and high temperature conditionse0
- Outcome
- panicle developmente0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“foxtail millet”
e0“although panicle development is accelerated by short-day and high temperature conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Strains from Okinawa, Batan Is. and Lan-Yu Is., sensitive to daylength, did not necessarily need short-day stimulus for panicle initiation.
- Taxon
- foxtail milletSetaria italicat0
- Material
- Strains from Okinawa, Batan Is., and Lan-Yu Is.e0
- Outcome
- did not necessarily need short-day stimulus for panicle initiatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“foxtail millet”
e0“Strains from Okinawa, Batan Is., and Lan-Yu Is. which showed sensitivity to daylength, did not necessarily need short-day stimulus for panicle initiation”
Claim · model-written summary
Panicle development of the Okinawa, Batan Is. and Lan-Yu Is. strains was accelerated by short day.
- Taxon
- foxtail milletSetaria italicat0
- Treatment
- short daye0
- Outcome
- panicle developmente0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“foxtail millet”
e0“panicle development was accelerated by short day”
Claim · model-written summary
Type II strains from low latitudinal areas have a long basic vegetative growth period.
- Taxon
- foxtail milletSetaria italicat0
- Material
- Type II strains, those from low latitudinal arease0
- Outcome
- long basic vegetative growth periode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“foxtail millet”
e0“Type II strains, those from low latitudinal areas have a long basic vegetative growth period”
Claim · model-written summary
The duration of the basic vegetative growth period of Type II strains is reduced by high temperature conditions.
- Taxon
- foxtail milletSetaria italicat0
- Treatment
- high temperature conditionse0
- Outcome
- duration of this periode0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“foxtail millet”
e0“the duration of this period is reduced by high temperature conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Type II strains need many cycles of short-day to induce floral buds.
- Taxon
- foxtail milletSetaria italicat0
- Outcome
- need many cycles of short-day to induce the floral budse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“foxtail millet”
e0“these strains need many cycles of short-day to induce the floral buds”
Claim · model-written summary
The requirement of short-day cycles for floral initiation and morphological development is reduced by aging.
- Taxon
- foxtail milletSetaria italicat0
- Treatment
- aginge0
- Outcome
- requirement of short-day cycles for floral initiation and morphological developmente0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“foxtail millet”
e0“The requirement of short-day cycles for floral initiation and morphological development is reduced by aging”
Claim · model-written summary
Heading of the Halmahera Is. (2°N) strain, representative of Type II, is accelerated by 10 hrs. of light.
- Taxon
- foxtail milletSetaria italicat0
- Material
- strain from Halmahera Is. (2°N)e0
- Treatment
- 10 hrs. of lighte0
- Outcome
- headinge0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“foxtail millet”
e0“The heading of the strain from Halmahera Is. (2°N), the representative of Type II, is accelerated by 10 hrs. of light”
Claim · model-written summary
Floral initiation in the Halmahera Is. strain does not necessarily take place as a response to the subtle daylength change at this low latitude.
- Taxon
- foxtail milletSetaria italicat0
- Outcome
- floral initiation does not necessarily take place as a response to the subtle change of daylengthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“foxtail millet”
e0“floral initiation does not necessarily take place as a response to the subtle change of daylength of this low latitude locality”
Claim · model-written summary
The strain from Thailand is sensitive to a wide range of daylength.
- Taxon
- foxtail milletSetaria italicat0
- Outcome
- sensitive to a wide range of daylengthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“foxtail millet”
e0“The strain from Thailand is sensitive to a wide range of daylength”
Claim · model-written summary
The Thailand strain should be identified as a fourth type, Type IV, characterized by a long basic vegetative growth period and high sensitivity to daylength.
- Taxon
- foxtail milletSetaria italicat0
- Outcome
- fourth type, Type IVe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“foxtail millet”
e0“It should be identified as the fourth type, Type IV, characterized by a long basic vegetative growth period and high sensitivity to daylength”
Claim · model-written summary
Strains from the Temperate Zone are sensitive to changes of daylength.
- Taxon
- foxtail milletSetaria italicat0
- Outcome
- sensitive to changes of daylengthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“foxtail millet”
e0“The strains from the Temperate Zone are sensitive to changes of daylength”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain 403 from Kochi Prefecture, an obligate short-day plant and Type III representative, shows a striking response to daylength only one week after sowing.
- Taxon
- foxtail milletSetaria italicat0
- Material
- strain 403e0
- Outcome
- striking response to daylengthe0
- Setting
- Kochi Prefecturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“foxtail millet”
e0“The strain 403, from Kochi Prefecture, which is a representative of Type III and is an obligate short-day plant, shows a striking response to daylength only one week after sowing”
Claim · model-written summary
Only a few cycles of short-day stimulus are enough for floral induction in strain 403.
- Taxon
- foxtail milletSetaria italicat0
- Outcome
- only a few cycles of short-day stimulus are enoughe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“foxtail millet”
e0“only a few cycles of short-day stimulus are enough for floral inductlon”