Abstract
An anomalous mode of segregation in respect to apiculus anthocyanin pigmentation observed in a fertile hybrid between a Japancse (Norin No. 1)and an Indian rice variety (Surjamkhi) was described. The apiculus color of Norin No. 1 is red and that of Surjamkhi is dark purple, whose genotypes havebeen determined as CB Spa A and CB SpA respectively after the gene symbols designated by NAGAO and TAKAIIASHI. C is a gene responsible for the production of chromogen and Sp, acting complementarily, turns it into anthocyanin. Both C and Sp form a mnultiple allelic scries, CBt>CBr>C+ and Sp>SpdSp+. F1 hybrid between them shows dark purple apiculus color. Its seedbearing fertility is nearly perfect (96%), though it shows a certain degree of pollen abortion (14%). In F2 it segregated individuals with colorless apiculus which came up to about 30 per cent of the total, instead of showing the expected segregation ratio of 3 dark purple : I red, i.e., 3 Sp : 1Spd, accompanying remarkable decrease of individuals with red apiculus color (Table 2). A large part of the colorless plants showed tawny coloration in their apiculus at ripening, showing the effect of CB observed when Sp or Spd is absent. The apiculus color at ripening of the remaining colorless plants was straw white, showing on effect of CB. Segrefation of partial sterility also occurred in F2 as shown in Table 3, in which one can detect no clear relation between the partial sterility and the types of apiculus coloration. The similar distribution of partial sterility in each of the classes is taken to show that the gametes of f1 bearing noncoloredness were equally functional as those bearing coloredness in bringing forth the F2 progeny. The mode of segregation of apiculus color observed in 83 F3 strains originated from randomly taken F2 plants, including 48 colored and 34. colorless ones, was various (Table 4 and 5 ). Some strains showed mono- and dihybrid segregation ratios, but others did rather complex ratios which could not tion between the partial sterility and the apiculus color was observed. Discussion was madd as to the mechanism which resulted in the segregation of individuals with colorless apiculus in F2. Since the frequency of the appearance of colorless plants in F2 was remarkably high, the mechanism due to autonomous mutations, CB→C+, and Spd→Sp+, was concluded to be out of qucstion. It was suggested that the anomalous segregatisn might bc due to minor structural differences of chromosomes between the parental varieties which did not affect directly the parental varieties which did not affect directly the viability of gametes produced of F1 hybrid. Though there were found some F3 plants which seemed to be deficient in the gene loci in question by crossing them with tester varieties of known genotype, the authors could not attain to a definite conclusion as to the mechanism under issue.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Norin No. 1 had red apiculus color and Surjamkhi had dark purple apiculus color.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Material
- Norin No. 1e0
- Outcome
- apiculus colore0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The apiculus color of Norin No. 1 is red and that of Surjamkhi is dark purple”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The F1 hybrid had dark purple apiculus color.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- F1 hybride0
- Outcome
- apiculus colore0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“F1 hybrid between them shows dark purple apiculus color.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
F1 seedbearing fertility was nearly perfect at 96%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- seedbearing fertilitye0
- Value
- 96%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Its seedbearing fertility is nearly perfect (96%), though it shows a certain degree of pollen abortion (14%).”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
F1 pollen abortion was 14%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- pollen abortione0
- Value
- 14%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Its seedbearing fertility is nearly perfect (96%), though it shows a certain degree of pollen abortion (14%).”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
About 30% of F2 individuals had colorless apiculi instead of the expected dark purple to red segregation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- F2e0
- Outcome
- colorless apiculuse0
- Value
- about 30 per cente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In F2 it segregated individuals with colorless apiculus which came up to about 30 per cent of the total, instead of showing the expected segregation ratio of 3 dark purple : I red”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Red apiculus individuals were markedly less frequent in F2.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- individuals with red apiculus colore0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“accompanying remarkable decrease of individuals with red apiculus color”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Many colorless plants developed tawny apiculus coloration at ripening.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- apiculus at ripeninge0
- Outcome
- tawny coloratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A large part of the colorless plants showed tawny coloration in their apiculus at ripening”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The remaining colorless plants had straw white apiculi at ripening.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- apiculuse0
- Outcome
- apiculus colore0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The apiculus color at ripening of the remaining colorless plants was straw white”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Partial sterility also segregated in F2.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- F2e0
- Outcome
- partial sterilitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Segrefation of partial sterility also occurred in F2”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
No clear relation was detected between partial sterility and apiculus coloration.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- relation between the partial sterility and the types of apiculus coloratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“one can detect no clear relation between the partial sterility and the types of apiculus coloration”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
F3 strains showed varied apiculus color segregation, including mono-, dihybrid and complex ratios.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- F3 strainse0
- Outcome
- mode of segregation of apiculus colore0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mode of segregation of apiculus color observed in 83 F3 strains originated from randomly taken F2 plants, including 48 colored and 34. colorless ones, was various (Table 4 and 5 ). Some strains showed mono- and dihybrid segregation ratios, but others did rather complex ratios”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Some F3 plants appeared deficient in the loci according to tester-variety crosses, without a definite mechanistic conclusion.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- F3 plantse0
- Outcome
- deficient in the gene locie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there were found some F3 plants which seemed to be deficient in the gene loci in question by crossing them with tester varieties of known genotype, the authors could not attain to a definite conclusion as to the mechanism under issue.”
t0“rice”