Abstract
The use of straw mulch and no-mulch, a synthetic pyrethroid (esfenvalerate, Asana XL) and a bioinsecticide, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis, were compared for their main and interactive effects on Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), populations in potato, Solanum tuberosum L. Numbers of Colorado potato beetle adults and egg masses were not significantly different in mulch versus no-mulch plots. There were fewer adults and egg masses in Asana-treated plots than in plots treated with B. thuringiensis (Mtrak) or the control (untreated). Significantly fewer small (1st and 2nd instars) and large (3rd and 4th instars) larvae were recorded in mulch treatments than in no-mulch treatments, and significantly fewer small and large larvae in Asana-treated plots compared with M-trak or untreated plots. However, the M-trak plots had significantly fewer large larvae than the untreated plots. Defoliation levels were significantly greater in no-mulch plots than mulch plots. Defoliation levels were significantly lower in Asana plots compared with M-trak or untreated plots. There was a significant interaction between mulch plus M-trak. This combination had numbers of large larvae, defoliation levels and yields as low as the Asana treatment. M-trak had its greatest effect on 1st instars and neonates, and did not affect natural enemies.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Mulch did not significantly change beetle adult or egg-mass counts.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosume1 - Treatment
- mulche0
- Interactor
- Colorado potato beetle
Leptinotarsa decemlineatae0pest - Outcome
- Colorado potato beetle adults and egg massese0
- Direction
- not significantly differente0
- Comparator
- no-mulche0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Numbers of Colorado potato beetle adults and egg masses were not significantly different in mulch versus no-mulch plots”
e1“potato, Solanum tuberosum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Asana reduced beetle adults and egg masses relative to Mtrak and untreated plots.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- Asana-treated plotse0
- Interactor
- Colorado potato beetleLeptinotarsa decemlineatae1pest
- Outcome
- adults and egg massese0
- Direction
- fewere0
- Comparator
- plots treated with B. thuringiensis (Mtrak) or the control (untreated)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were fewer adults and egg masses in Asana-treated plots than in plots treated with B. thuringiensis (Mtrak) or the control (untreated)”
e1“Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), populations in potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulch significantly reduced small and large beetle larvae.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- mulch treatmentse0
- Interactor
- Colorado potato beetleLeptinotarsa decemlineatae1pest
- Outcome
- small (1st and 2nd instars) and large (3rd and 4th instars) larvaee0
- Direction
- fewere0
- Comparator
- no-mulch treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significantly fewer small (1st and 2nd instars) and large (3rd and 4th instars) larvae were recorded in mulch treatments than in no-mulch treatments”
e1“Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), populations in potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Asana significantly reduced small and large beetle larvae relative to M-trak or untreated plots.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- Asana-treated plotse0
- Interactor
- Colorado potato beetleLeptinotarsa decemlineatae1pest
- Outcome
- small and large larvaee0
- Direction
- fewere0
- Comparator
- M-trak or untreated plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly fewer small and large larvae in Asana-treated plots compared with M-trak or untreated plots”
e1“Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), populations in potato”
Claim · model-written summary
M-trak significantly reduced large beetle larvae relative to untreated plots.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- M-trak plotse0
- Interactor
- Colorado potato beetleLeptinotarsa decemlineatae1pest
- Outcome
- large larvaee0
- Direction
- fewere0
- Comparator
- untreated plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the M-trak plots had significantly fewer large larvae than the untreated plots”
e1“Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), populations in potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulch significantly reduced potato defoliation.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- mulch plotse0
- Outcome
- Defoliation levelse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- no-mulch plotse0
Not reportedInteractor
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Defoliation levels were significantly greater in no-mulch plots than mulch plots”
e1“potato, Solanum tuberosum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Asana significantly reduced potato defoliation relative to M-trak or untreated plots.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- Asana plotse0
- Outcome
- Defoliation levelse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- M-trak or untreated plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Defoliation levels were significantly lower in Asana plots compared with M-trak or untreated plots”
e1“potato, Solanum tuberosum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulch plus M-trak had a significant interaction.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- mulch plus M-trake0
- Outcome
- significant interactione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was a significant interaction between mulch plus M-trak”
e1“potato, Solanum tuberosum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulch plus M-trak produced low large-larva counts comparable to Asana.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume2
- Treatment
- mulch plus M-trake1
- Interactor
- Colorado potato beetleLeptinotarsa decemlineatae2pest
- Outcome
- numbers of large larvaee0
- Direction
- as low ase0
- Comparator
- Asana treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This combination had numbers of large larvae, defoliation levels and yields as low as the Asana treatment”
e1“mulch plus M-trak”
e2“Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), populations in potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulch plus M-trak produced potato defoliation as low as Asana.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume2
- Treatment
- mulch plus M-trake1
- Outcome
- defoliation levelse0
- Direction
- as low ase0
- Comparator
- Asana treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This combination had numbers of large larvae, defoliation levels and yields as low as the Asana treatment”
e1“mulch plus M-trak”
e2“potato, Solanum tuberosum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulch plus M-trak produced potato yields as low as Asana.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume2
- Treatment
- mulch plus M-trake1
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- as low ase0
- Comparator
- Asana treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This combination had numbers of large larvae, defoliation levels and yields as low as the Asana treatment”
e1“mulch plus M-trak”
e2“potato, Solanum tuberosum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
M-trak had its greatest effect on first-instar and neonate beetles.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- M-trake0
- Interactor
- Colorado potato beetleLeptinotarsa decemlineatae1pest
- Outcome
- greatest effect on 1st instars and neonatese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“M-trak had its greatest effect on 1st instars and neonates”
e1“Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), populations in potato”
Claim · model-written summary
M-trak did not affect natural enemies.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume2
- Treatment
- M-trake1
- Interactor
- natural enemiese0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- natural enemiese0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“did not affect natural enemies”
e1“M-trak had its greatest effect on 1st instars and neonates”
e2“potato, Solanum tuberosum L.”
The same questions in other papers
mulching · Leptinotarsa decemlineata · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Results differ
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
mulching · pest · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.