Abstract
Berglund, R. 2007. Organic production of strawberries – focus on practical applications. Doctoral dissertation. ISSN 1652-6880, ISBN 978-91-576-7329-9. Organic fruit and vegetable growing is increasing world-wide, but knowledge concerning best practice is generally empirical rather than field-based. This thesis extends knowledge concerning best practice in Swedish organic strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa (Duch)) production, which is usually based on a two-year crop. A series of four field experiments were conducted at Ranna Experimental Station (58°27’N, 13°51’E) on the strawberry cultivars ‘Honeoye’, ‘Cavendish’ and ‘Korona’. Specific objectives were to investigate: the effects of different organic fertilisers combined with degradable plastic mulch on plant establishment, yield and nitrogen mineralisation in soil; the efficiency of biological pest control using a predatory mite against strawberry mites (Phytonemus pallidus); innate within-field dispersal capacity of strawberry mite; the effects of pyrethrum combined with fleece covering on damage by strawberry blossom weevil (Anthonomus rubi). Plant establishment measured as fruit yield was improved by 60% when degradable plastic mulch was used, probably through more flowers being initiated. Additional applications of organic fertiliser during the cropping period had little effect on yield. Biological control using the predatory mite Neoseiulus cucumeris reduced strawberry mite populations by up to 50% but there was no increase in yield. It was difficult to draw clear conclusions from the strawberry mite dispersal pilot study, but mites tended to move more easily along planted rows than between rows. Pyrethrum alone had no visible effect on flower bud damage by strawberry blossom weevil but when combined with fleece covering it reduced the number of ‘Honeoye’ buds damaged by weevils by approximately 10%. This was followed by a corresponding increase in cultivar yield. Similar effects were not recorded in the other cultivar examined. The study identified the following practical consequences for organic strawberry production: • Choice of pest-resistant cultivars is extremely important for success. • Use of clean plants and an efficient predatory species is essential in controlling mite infestations. • Use of degradable plastic mulching is recommended. • Fleece covering is recommended for protecting some cultivars against strawberry blossom weevils. • Only an initial starter fertilisation is required. • Use of pyrethrum is not recommended.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Degradable plastic mulch improved strawberry fruit yield by 60%.
- Taxon
- strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassae1 - Treatment
- degradable plastic mulche0
- Outcome
- fruit yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 60%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Plant establishment measured as fruit yield was improved by 60% when degradable plastic mulch was used”
e1“strawberry cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Additional organic fertilizer during cropping had little effect on strawberry yield.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae1
- Treatment
- Additional applications of organic fertilisere0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Additional applications of organic fertiliser during the cropping period had little effect on yield.”
e1“strawberry cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Neoseiulus cucumeris reduced strawberry mite populations by up to 50%.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- Biological control using the predatory mite Neoseiulus cucumerise0
- Interactor
- strawberry mitee0pest
- Second interactor
- Neoseiulus cucumeris
Neoseiulus cucumerise0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- strawberry mite populationse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- up to 50%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Biological control using the predatory mite Neoseiulus cucumeris reduced strawberry mite populations by up to 50%”
Claim · model-written summary
Predatory mite control did not increase strawberry yield.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- Biological control using the predatory mite Neoseiulus cucumerise0
- Interactor
- Neoseiulus cucumerisNeoseiulus cucumerise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- no increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Biological control using the predatory mite Neoseiulus cucumeris reduced strawberry mite populations by up to 50% but there was no increase in yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Strawberry mites tended to disperse more easily along planted rows than between them.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae1
- Interactor
- mitese0pest
- Outcome
- mites tended to move more easilye0
- Direction
- more easilye0
- Comparator
- between rowse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mites tended to move more easily along planted rows than between rows”
e1“strawberry mite dispersal pilot study”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyrethrum alone had no visible effect on strawberry blossom weevil bud damage.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae1
- Treatment
- Pyrethrum alonee0
- Interactor
- strawberry blossom weevil
Anthonomus rubie0pest - Outcome
- flower bud damage by strawberry blossom weevile0
- Direction
- no visible effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pyrethrum alone had no visible effect on flower bud damage by strawberry blossom weevil”
e1“strawberry cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyrethrum with fleece reduced weevil-damaged Honeoye buds by about 10%.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae1
- Material
- ‘Honeoye’e0
- Treatment
- Pyrethrume1
- Interactor
- weevilsCurculionidaee0pest
- Outcome
- buds damaged by weevilse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- approximately 10%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“when combined with fleece covering it reduced the number of ‘Honeoye’ buds damaged by weevils by approximately 10%”
e1“Pyrethrum alone had no visible effect on flower bud damage by strawberry blossom weevil”
Claim · model-written summary
The reduction in Honeoye bud damage was followed by increased cultivar yield.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae2
- Material
- ‘Honeoye’e1
- Outcome
- cultivar yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This was followed by a corresponding increase in cultivar yield.”
e1“number of ‘Honeoye’ buds damaged by weevils”
e2“strawberry cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Similar effects were not recorded in the other cultivar.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae1
- Outcome
- Similar effects were not recordede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similar effects were not recorded in the other cultivar examined.”
e1“strawberry cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend pest-resistant cultivars for organic strawberries.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae1
- Outcome
- Choice of pest-resistant cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Choice of pest-resistant cultivars is extremely important for success.”
e1“organic strawberry production”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend clean plants and an efficient predator to control mite infestations.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae1
- Outcome
- Use of clean plants and an efficient predatory speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Use of clean plants and an efficient predatory species is essential in controlling mite infestations.”
e1“organic strawberry production”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend degradable plastic mulching.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae1
- Outcome
- Use of degradable plastic mulchinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Use of degradable plastic mulching is recommended.”
e1“organic strawberry production”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend fleece covering against strawberry blossom weevils for some cultivars.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae1
- Interactor
- strawberry blossom weevilsAnthonomus rubie0pest
- Outcome
- Fleece covering is recommended for protecting some cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fleece covering is recommended for protecting some cultivars against strawberry blossom weevils.”
e1“organic strawberry production”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors say only starter fertilization is required.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae1
- Outcome
- initial starter fertilisatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Only an initial starter fertilisation is required.”
e1“organic strawberry production”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors do not recommend pyrethrum.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae1
- Outcome
- Use of pyrethrum is not recommendede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Use of pyrethrum is not recommended.”
e1“organic strawberry production”
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.