Abstract
The taxonomic relationship has been studied between Chinese kale and the other varieties of Brassica oleracea L.,two Chinese kale cultivars,two broccoli cultivars,two kohlrab cultivars and two cabbage cultivars.Crosses have been made among Chinese kale and broccoli,kohlrab,cabbage,the three varieties of Brassica oleracea,the cross compatibility indexes were investigated,and the resulting hybrids were self-crossed to assess and self-compatibility index.Botanic characters of eight parents and 24 cross combinations were adopted to perform cluster analysis.Our results showed successful crosses between Chinese kale and the three representative varieties of Brassica oleracea with an average compatibility index of 13.4.All resulting hybrids developed into normal and fertile plants,and they had a compatibility index of 14.1 when self-crossed.The hybrids showed combined morphologies of their parents,with different degrees of biases toward broccoli,kohlrab,cabbage,respectively.It was also found that the F2 seeds germinated normally.Cluster analysis with euclidean distance 2.78 implied that two Chinese kale cultivars could be classified into one group,two cabbage cultivars and eight F1 hybrids crossed with two cabbage cultivars and two Chinese kale cultivars could be classified into one group,two broccoli cultivars and eight F1 hybrids crossed with two broccoli cultivars and two Chinese kale cultivars could be classified into one group,and two kohlrab cultivars and eight F1 hybrids crossed with two kohlrab cultivars and two Chinese kale cultivars could be classified into one group.The relationship between Chinese kale and cabbage was closer than that between Chinese kale and broccoli or kohlrabi.Therefore,we conclude that Chinese kale and Brassica oleracea L.most likely belong to the same species,and hypothesize that Chinese kale as another variety of Brassica oleracea may be evolved from cabbage.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Chinese kale crossed successfully with three Brassica oleracea varieties, with average compatibility index 13.4.
- Taxon
- Chinese kale
Brassica oleracea var. alboglabrae0 - Interactor
- Brassica oleracea
Brassica oleraceae0other - Outcome
- successful crossese0
- Value
- 13.4e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Our results showed successful crosses between Chinese kale and the three representative varieties of Brassica oleracea with an average compatibility index of 13.4.”
Claim · model-written summary
All hybrids developed into normal fertile plants.
- Taxon
- Chinese kaleBrassica oleracea var. alboglabrat0
- Material
- hybridse0
- Outcome
- normal and fertile plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All resulting hybrids developed into normal and fertile plants”
t0“Chinese kale”
Claim · model-written summary
Self-crossed hybrids had compatibility index 14.1.
- Taxon
- Chinese kaleBrassica oleracea var. alboglabrat0
- Material
- hybridse0
- Outcome
- compatibility indexe0
- Value
- 14.1e0
- Qualifier
- when self-crossede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All resulting hybrids developed into normal and fertile plants,and they had a compatibility index of 14.1 when self-crossed.”
t0“Chinese kale”
Claim · model-written summary
Hybrids combined parental morphologies with differing biases toward broccoli, kohlrab and cabbage.
- Taxon
- Chinese kaleBrassica oleracea var. alboglabrat0
- Material
- hybridse0
- Outcome
- combined morphologies of their parentse0
- Qualifier
- different degrees of biases toward broccoli,kohlrab,cabbagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The hybrids showed combined morphologies of their parents,with different degrees of biases toward broccoli,kohlrab,cabbage,respectively.”
t0“Chinese kale”
Claim · model-written summary
F2 seeds germinated normally.
- Taxon
- Chinese kaleBrassica oleracea var. alboglabrat0
- Organ / stage
- F2 seedse0
- Outcome
- germinated normallye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It was also found that the F2 seeds germinated normally.”
t0“Chinese kale”
Claim · model-written summary
Two Chinese kale cultivars formed one cluster at Euclidean distance 2.78.
- Taxon
- Chinese kaleBrassica oleracea var. alboglabrae0
- Outcome
- classified into one groupe0
- Qualifier
- euclidean distance 2.78e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cluster analysis with euclidean distance 2.78 implied that two Chinese kale cultivars could be classified into one group”
Claim · model-written summary
Cabbage cultivars and their Chinese kale F1 hybrids formed one group.
- Taxon
- cabbage
Brassica oleracea var. capitatae0 - Material
- F1 hybridse0
- Outcome
- classified into one groupe0
- Qualifier
- two cabbage cultivars and eight F1 hybridse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two cabbage cultivars and eight F1 hybrids crossed with two cabbage cultivars and two Chinese kale cultivars could be classified into one group”
Claim · model-written summary
Broccoli cultivars and their Chinese kale F1 hybrids formed one group.
- Taxon
- broccoli
Brassica oleracea var. italicae0 - Material
- F1 hybridse0
- Outcome
- classified into one groupe0
- Qualifier
- two broccoli cultivars and eight F1 hybridse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two broccoli cultivars and eight F1 hybrids crossed with two broccoli cultivars and two Chinese kale cultivars could be classified into one group”
Claim · model-written summary
Kohlrab cultivars and their Chinese kale F1 hybrids formed one group.
Verbatim
e0“two kohlrab cultivars and eight F1 hybrids crossed with two kohlrab cultivars and two Chinese kale cultivars could be classified into one group.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chinese kale was more closely related to cabbage than broccoli or kohlrabi.
- Taxon
- Chinese kaleBrassica oleracea var. alboglabrae0
- Outcome
- relationship between Chinese kale and cabbagee0
- Direction
- closere0
- Comparator
- broccoli or kohlrabie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The relationship between Chinese kale and cabbage was closer than that between Chinese kale and broccoli or kohlrabi.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude Chinese kale and Brassica oleracea most likely belong to the same species.
- Taxon
- Chinese kaleBrassica oleracea var. alboglabrae0
- Outcome
- belong to the same speciese0
- Qualifier
- most likelye0
- Comparator
- Brassica oleracea L.e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Therefore,we conclude that Chinese kale and Brassica oleracea L.most likely belong to the same species”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors hypothesize Chinese kale evolved from cabbage as another Brassica oleracea variety.
- Taxon
- Chinese kaleBrassica oleracea var. alboglabrae0
- Outcome
- evolved from cabbagee0
- Qualifier
- as another variety of Brassica oleraceae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hypothesize that Chinese kale as another variety of Brassica oleracea may be evolved from cabbage.”