Abstract
Creating a crop-heterogeneous system by intraspecific mixtures of different rice varieties can substantially reduce blast diseases. Such variety mixtures provide an ecological approach for effective disease control, maintaining high yields with the minimum fungicide applications. Whether such an approach is universally applicable for random rice variety combinations and what is the variation pattern of the diseases under intercropping still remains unclear. We conducted two-year large-scale field experiments involving 47 rice varieties/lines and 98 variety-combinations to compare the occurrence of rice blast in monoculture and intercropping plots at multiple sites. In the experiments, the plant height of the selected traditional varieties was about 30 cm taller, and their life cycle was 10 days longer, than that of the improved rice varieties. The monoculture included either traditional or modern rice varieties grown in separate plots. The intercropping included both traditional and modern rice varieties planted together in the same plots. Results from the field experiments under natural disease conditions demonstrated significant reduction for rice blast disease in intercropping plots, compared with that in monoculture plots. For traditional varieties, the average blast incidence reduced from ~26% in monoculture to ~10% in intercropping, and the disease severity reduced from ~17 in monoculture to ~5 in intercropping. For modern varieties, the average blast incidence reduced from ~19% in monoculture to ~10% in intercropping, and the severity from ~10 in monoculture to ~4 in intercropping. Traditional rice varieties (~72%) had a much greater increase in the efficiency of disease control than modern varieties (~60%). In addition, substantially lower values of variance in the blast incidence and severity was detected among the variety combinations in intercropping plots than in monoculture plots. Based on these results, we conclude that the intercropping or mixture of rice varieties greatly reduces the occurrence and variation of rice blast disease in particular variety combinations, which makes the intercropping system more stable and consistent for disease suppression on a large scale of rice cultivation.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Rice blast disease was significantly reduced in intercropping plots compared with monoculture plots in field experiments under natural disease conditions.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- intercroppinge0
- Interactor
- blastt0pathogen
- Outcome
- rice blast diseasee0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- monoculture plotse0
- Setting
- field experimentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Intercropping of rice varieties increases the efficiency of blast control”
e0“Results from the field experiments under natural disease conditions demonstrated significant reduction for rice blast disease in intercropping plots, compared with that in monoculture plots”
Claim · model-written summary
In traditional rice varieties, average blast incidence fell from about 26% in monoculture to about 10% in intercropping.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- traditional varietiese0
- Treatment
- intercroppinge0
- Interactor
- blastt0pathogen
- Outcome
- average blast incidencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- ~26% in monoculture to ~10% in intercroppinge0
- Comparator
- monoculturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Intercropping of rice varieties increases the efficiency of blast control”
e0“For traditional varieties, the average blast incidence reduced from ~26% in monoculture to ~10% in intercropping, and the disease severity reduced from ~17 in monoculture to ~5 in intercropping”
Claim · model-written summary
In traditional rice varieties, blast disease severity fell from about 17 in monoculture to about 5 in intercropping.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- traditional varietiese0
- Treatment
- intercroppinge0
- Interactor
- blastt0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease severitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- ~17 in monoculture to ~5 in intercroppinge0
- Comparator
- monoculturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Intercropping of rice varieties increases the efficiency of blast control”
e0“For traditional varieties, the average blast incidence reduced from ~26% in monoculture to ~10% in intercropping, and the disease severity reduced from ~17 in monoculture to ~5 in intercropping”
Claim · model-written summary
In modern rice varieties, average blast incidence fell from about 19% in monoculture to about 10% in intercropping.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- modern varietiese0
- Treatment
- intercroppinge0
- Interactor
- blastt0pathogen
- Outcome
- average blast incidencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- ~19% in monoculture to ~10% in intercroppinge0
- Comparator
- monoculturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Intercropping of rice varieties increases the efficiency of blast control”
e0“For modern varieties, the average blast incidence reduced from ~19% in monoculture to ~10% in intercropping, and the severity from ~10 in monoculture to ~4 in intercropping”
Claim · model-written summary
In modern rice varieties, blast severity fell from about 10 in monoculture to about 4 in intercropping.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- modern varietiese0
- Treatment
- intercroppinge0
- Interactor
- blastt0pathogen
- Outcome
- severitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- ~10 in monoculture to ~4 in intercroppinge0
- Comparator
- monoculturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Intercropping of rice varieties increases the efficiency of blast control”
e0“For modern varieties, the average blast incidence reduced from ~19% in monoculture to ~10% in intercropping, and the severity from ~10 in monoculture to ~4 in intercropping”
Claim · model-written summary
Traditional rice varieties (about 72%) had a much greater increase in the efficiency of disease control than modern varieties (about 60%).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Traditional rice varietiese0
- Interactor
- blastt0pathogen
- Outcome
- efficiency of disease controle0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- ~72%e0
- Qualifier
- ~60%e0
- Comparator
- modern varietiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Intercropping of rice varieties increases the efficiency of blast control”
e0“Traditional rice varieties (~72%) had a much greater increase in the efficiency of disease control than modern varieties (~60%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Variance in blast incidence and severity among variety combinations was substantially lower in intercropping plots than in monoculture plots.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- intercropping plotse0
- Interactor
- blastt0pathogen
- Outcome
- variance in the blast incidence and severitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- monoculture plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Intercropping of rice varieties increases the efficiency of blast control”
e0“substantially lower values of variance in the blast incidence and severity was detected among the variety combinations in intercropping plots than in monoculture plots”
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