Abstract
Measurement of the direction of cell division is an important, yet difficult, task to analyse how a plant organ acquires its final shape from an initially small group of cells. We introduce a method that rapidly and easily quantifies cell division direction and is applicable to all plant species. A pulse-chase strategy for 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) labelling assay was established and was shown to be successful for leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) and Juncus prismatocarpus. By optimization of the pulse and chase periods, most of the signals obtained were sets of daughter nuclei. For Arabidopsis, the optimal time was a 45-min pulse and a 7-h chase. For J. prismatocarpus, the optimal time was a 2-h pulse and a 13.5-h chase. The positions of the daughter nuclei were used to quantify cell division direction in the Arabidopsis leaf primordia. Overall, cell division along the proximal-distal axis was more frequent than along the medial-lateral axis. In petiole, major vein, minor vein and margin areas, the major cell division direction seemed to be coincident with the direction of auxin flow. The advantages of our method over the few methods used previously are discussed. We anticipate that it will provide opportunities to study plant development in the near future.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
The assay worked in Arabidopsis leaves.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae0 - Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Outcome
- successfule0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“was shown to be successful for leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) and Juncus prismatocarpus”
Claim · model-written summary
The assay worked in Juncus leaves.
- Taxon
- Juncus prismatocarpus
.jpg?width=60)
Juncus prismatocarpuse0 - Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Outcome
- successfule0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“was shown to be successful for leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) and Juncus prismatocarpus”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimized pulse and chase periods yielded mostly daughter-nucleus sets.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“By optimization of the pulse and chase periods, most of the signals obtained were sets of daughter nuclei.”
Claim · model-written summary
The Arabidopsis optimum was 45-minute pulse and 7-hour chase.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Outcome
- optimal timee0
- Value
- a 45-min pulse and a 7-h chasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For Arabidopsis, the optimal time was a 45-min pulse and a 7-h chase.”
Claim · model-written summary
The Juncus optimum was 2-hour pulse and 13.5-hour chase.
- Taxon
- J. prismatocarpusJuncus prismatocarpuse0
- Outcome
- optimal timee0
- Value
- a 2-h pulse and a 13.5-h chasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For J. prismatocarpus, the optimal time was a 2-h pulse and a 13.5-h chase.”
Claim · model-written summary
Proximal-distal division was more frequent than medial-lateral division in Arabidopsis leaf primordia.
- Outcome
- cell division along the proximal-distal axise0
- Direction
- more frequente0
- Comparator
- along the medial-lateral axise0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Overall, cell division along the proximal-distal axis was more frequent than along the medial-lateral axis.”
Claim · model-written summary
Division direction in petiole, veins and margins seemed aligned with auxin flow.
- Organ / stage
- petiole, major vein, minor vein and margin arease0
- Outcome
- major cell division directione0
- Qualifier
- seemed to be coincident with the direction of auxin flowe0
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“In petiole, major vein, minor vein and margin areas, the major cell division direction seemed to be coincident with the direction of auxin flow.”