Abstract
Surface runoff and soil loss under natural rainfall were studied for cotton growth under three tillage systems on small plots in Alabama's Tennessee Valley. Conventional tillage resulted in the highest soil loss, followed by reduced tillage with no cover crop and reduced tillage with a winter wheat cover crop. When the growing season was divided into two periods based on the last cultivation of the conventional tillage, more than 85% of total soil losses occurred in the first period for all treatments. Runoff during the seedbed stage was the highest for conventional tillage; reduced tillage with no cover crop produced the highest runoff in all other crop growth stages. High-intensity rainfall caused more runoff from both reduced tillage treatments than from the conventional tillage treatment. The 3-year average yields of seed cotton were 2,223, 2,123, and 2,076 kg/ha (1,980, 1,890, and 1,850 pounds/acre) for reduced-tillage-with-cover, reduced-tillage-without-cover, and conventional tillage treatments, respectively. Effect of tillage systems on seed cotton yield also varied with years. Conservation tillage systems showed no benefits over the conventional tillage system in yields under drought conditions. The reduced-tillage-with-cover treatment resulted in a severe yield reduction in 1987 after 2 consecutive years of drought before planting and during the critical growth period.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional tillage had the highest soil loss of the three cotton tillage systems
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Treatment
- Conventional tillagee1
- Outcome
- soil losse1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Qualifier
- followed by reduced tillage with no cover crop and reduced tillage with a winter wheat cover crope1
- Comparator
- reduced tillage with no cover crope1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton tillage systems”
e1“Conventional tillage resulted in the highest soil loss, followed by reduced tillage with no cover crop and reduced tillage with a winter wheat cover crop”
Claim · model-written summary
More than 85% of total soil loss occurred in the first of two growing-season periods for all tillage treatments
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- total soil lossese2
- Value
- more than 85%e2
- Qualifier
- based on the last cultivation of the conventional tillagee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton tillage systems”
e2“When the growing season was divided into two periods based on the last cultivation of the conventional tillage, more than 85% of total soil losses occurred in the first period for all treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Runoff during the seedbed stage was highest under conventional tillage
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- seedbed stagee3
- Treatment
- conventional tillagee3
- Outcome
- runoffe3
- Direction
- higheste3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton tillage systems”
e3“Runoff during the seedbed stage was the highest for conventional tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced tillage with no cover crop produced the highest runoff in all other crop growth stages
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- all other crop growth stagese4
- Treatment
- reduced tillage with no cover crope4
- Outcome
- runoffe4
- Direction
- higheste4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton tillage systems”
e4“reduced tillage with no cover crop produced the highest runoff in all other crop growth stages”
Claim · model-written summary
High-intensity rainfall caused more runoff from both reduced tillage treatments than from conventional tillage
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- High-intensity rainfalle5
- Outcome
- runoffe5
- Direction
- moree5
- Comparator
- conventional tillage treatmente5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton tillage systems”
e5“High-intensity rainfall caused more runoff from both reduced tillage treatments than from the conventional tillage treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed cotton yield of reduced tillage with cover was 2,223 kg/ha, 3-year average
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- reduced-tillage-with-covere6
- Outcome
- yields of seed cottone6
- Value
- 2,223e6
- Qualifier
- 3-year averagee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton tillage systems”
e6“The 3-year average yields of seed cotton were 2,223, 2,123, and 2,076 kg/ha (1,980, 1,890, and 1,850 pounds/acre) for reduced-tillage-with-cover, reduced-tillage-without-cover, and conventional tillage treatments, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed cotton yield of reduced tillage without cover was 2,123 kg/ha, 3-year average
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- reduced-tillage-without-covere6
- Outcome
- yields of seed cottone6
- Value
- 2,123e6
- Qualifier
- 3-year averagee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton tillage systems”
e6“The 3-year average yields of seed cotton were 2,223, 2,123, and 2,076 kg/ha (1,980, 1,890, and 1,850 pounds/acre) for reduced-tillage-with-cover, reduced-tillage-without-cover, and conventional tillage treatments, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed cotton yield under conventional tillage was 2,076 kg/ha, 3-year average
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- conventional tillagee6
- Outcome
- yields of seed cottone6
- Value
- 2,076e6
- Qualifier
- 3-year averagee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton tillage systems”
e6“The 3-year average yields of seed cotton were 2,223, 2,123, and 2,076 kg/ha (1,980, 1,890, and 1,850 pounds/acre) for reduced-tillage-with-cover, reduced-tillage-without-cover, and conventional tillage treatments, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Effect of tillage systems on seed cotton yield varied among years
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- seed cotton yielde7
- Qualifier
- varied with yearse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton tillage systems”
e7“Effect of tillage systems on seed cotton yield also varied with years”
Claim · model-written summary
Conservation tillage showed no yield benefit over conventional tillage under drought
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Conservation tillage systemse2
- Outcome
- yieldse2
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede2
- Qualifier
- under drought conditionse2
- Comparator
- conventional tillage systeme2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton tillage systems”
e2“Conservation tillage systems showed no benefits over the conventional tillage system in yields under drought conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced tillage with cover caused a severe seed cotton yield reduction in 1987 after two drought years
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- reduced-tillage-with-cover treatmente2
- Outcome
- yielde2
- Direction
- reductione2
- Qualifier
- in 1987 after 2 consecutive years of droughte2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton tillage systems”
e2“The reduced-tillage-with-cover treatment resulted in a severe yield reduction in 1987 after 2 consecutive years of drought before planting and during the critical growth period”
The same questions in other papers
cover crop · soil: physics · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
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4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 16 in the opposite direction
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45 papers in the same direction as this paper · 113 in the opposite direction
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See all 159 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.