Abstract
An analysis was made on the 16-year experimental data from the long term fertilization, experiment of maize on a yellow soil in Guizhou of Southwest China. Four treatments, i. e. , no fertilization (CK), chemical fertilization (165 kg N x hm(-2), 82.5 kg P2O5 x hm(-2), and 82.5 kg K2O x hm(-2), NPK), organic manure (30555 kg x hm(-2), M), and combined applicatioin of chemical fertilizers and organic manure (NPKM), were selected to analyze the variation trends of maize yield and fertilizer use efficiency on yellow soil under effects of different long term fertilization modes, aimed to provide references for evaluating and establishing long term fertilization mode and promote the sustainable development of crop production. Overall, the maize yield under long term fertilization had an increasing trend, with a large annual variation. Treatment NPKM had the best yield-increasing effect, with the maize yield increased by 4075.71 kg x hm(-2) and the increment being up to 139.2%. Long term fertilization increased the fertilizer utilization efficiency of maize. In treatment M, the nitrogen and phosphorus utilization rates were increased significantly by 35.4% and 18.8%, respectively. Treatment NPK had obvious effect in improving potassium utilization rate, with an increment of 20% and being far higher than that in treatments M (8.7%) and NPKM (9.2%). The results showed that long term fertilization, especially the combined application of chemical fertilizers and organic manure, was of great importance in increasing crop yield and fertilizer use efficiency.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yield tended to increase under long-term fertilization, with large annual variation.
- Treatment
- long term fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- maize yielde0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Qualifier
- large annual variatione0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Overall, the maize yield under long term fertilization had an increasing trend, with a large annual variation”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined chemical and organic fertilizer increased maize yield by 4075.71 kg per hectare.
- Treatment
- Treatment NPKMe0
- Outcome
- maize yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 4075.71 kg x hm(-2)e0
- Qualifier
- 139.2%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment NPKM had the best yield-increasing effect, with the maize yield increased by 4075.71 kg x hm(-2) and the increment being up to 139.2%”
Claim · model-written summary
Long-term fertilization increased maize fertilizer utilization efficiency.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Long term fertilization increased the fertilizer utilization efficiency of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic manure increased nitrogen utilization rate by 35.4%.
- Treatment
- treatment Me0
- Outcome
- nitrogen and phosphorus utilization ratese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 35.4%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In treatment M, the nitrogen and phosphorus utilization rates were increased significantly by 35.4% and 18.8%, respectively”
t0“maize yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic manure increased phosphorus utilization rate by 18.8%.
- Treatment
- treatment Me0
- Outcome
- nitrogen and phosphorus utilization ratese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 18.8%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In treatment M, the nitrogen and phosphorus utilization rates were increased significantly by 35.4% and 18.8%, respectively”
t0“maize yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical fertilization increased potassium utilization rate by 20%, above manure alone and combined fertilization.
- Treatment
- Treatment NPKe0
- Outcome
- potassium utilization ratee0
- Direction
- improvinge0
- Value
- 20%e0
- Qualifier
- 8.7%e0
- Comparator
- treatments Me0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment NPK had obvious effect in improving potassium utilization rate, with an increment of 20% and being far higher than that in treatments M (8.7%) and NPKM (9.2%)”
t0“maize yield”
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