Abstract
During the last several decades,the concentration of stratospheric ozone(O3) significantly reduced,and further caused an increment in ultraviolet-B(UV-B) radiation approaching to the earth surface.Both tropospheric O3 and UV-B have adverse effects on the yield and safety of crops.The combination of increased tropospheric O3 concentration and elevated UV-B could cause reduction in biochemical and physiological characteristic of economic plants and crops.To reveal the effects of enhanced UV-B and O3 concentration on dry matter and yield of soybean(Glycine max,Yellow August),open-top chambers(OTCs) and UV lights were used to simulate the enhanced O3 concentration and supplemental UV-B radiation.The results showed that,compared with the control group CK(natural solar UV-B irradiance,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),the plant height of T1(10% higher level of UV-B intensity,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),T2(100 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) and T3(150 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) decreased by 12.73%,12.78% and 14.15%,respectively;Chlorophyll content decreased by-1.16%(P0.05),34.20%(P0.05) and 57.38%(P0.05);Net photosynthetic rate(Pn) fell 11.50%,46.65% and 48.58%;Dry matter accumulation decreased by 31.02%(P0.05),61.35%(P0.05) and 67.53%(P0.05) respectively;Yield reduced by 4.13%,54.09% and 79.34% respectively.Both O3 and UV-B had negative effects on soybean growth and dry matter accumulation,and the composite group had a significant adverse impact on soybean growth.Soybean yield was strongly inhabited under the combination of enhanced O3 and UV-B radiation by showing the reduction of grain numbers and grain weight.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Plant height of soybean decreased by 12.73% under 10% higher UV-B intensity compared with the control
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- 10% higher level of UV-B intensitye1
- Outcome
- plant heighte1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 12.73%e1
- Comparator
- control group CKe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter and yield of soybean(Glycine max,Yellow August)”
e1“The results showed that,compared with the control group CK(natural solar UV-B irradiance,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),the plant height of T1(10% higher level of UV-B intensity,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),T2(100 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) and T3(150 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) decreased by 12.73%,12.78% and 14.15%,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant height of soybean decreased by 12.78% under 100 nL/L O3 with 10% higher UV-B intensity compared with the control
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 100 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensitye1
- Outcome
- plant heighte1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 12.78%e1
- Comparator
- control group CKe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter and yield of soybean(Glycine max,Yellow August)”
e1“The results showed that,compared with the control group CK(natural solar UV-B irradiance,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),the plant height of T1(10% higher level of UV-B intensity,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),T2(100 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) and T3(150 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) decreased by 12.73%,12.78% and 14.15%,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant height of soybean decreased by 14.15% under 150 nL/L O3 with 10% higher UV-B intensity compared with the control
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 150 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensitye1
- Outcome
- plant heighte1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 14.15%e1
- Comparator
- control group CKe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter and yield of soybean(Glycine max,Yellow August)”
e1“The results showed that,compared with the control group CK(natural solar UV-B irradiance,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),the plant height of T1(10% higher level of UV-B intensity,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),T2(100 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) and T3(150 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) decreased by 12.73%,12.78% and 14.15%,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll content of soybean changed by -1.16% under 10% higher UV-B intensity compared with the control
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 10% higher level of UV-B intensitye1
- Outcome
- Chlorophyll contente2
- Direction
- decreasede2
- Value
- -1.16%e2
- Comparator
- control group CKe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter and yield of soybean(Glycine max,Yellow August)”
e1“The results showed that,compared with the control group CK(natural solar UV-B irradiance,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),the plant height of T1(10% higher level of UV-B intensity,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),T2(100 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) and T3(150 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) decreased by 12.73%,12.78% and 14.15%,respectively”
e2“Chlorophyll content decreased by-1.16%(P0.05),34.20%(P0.05) and 57.38%(P0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll content of soybean decreased by 34.20% under 100 nL/L O3 with 10% higher UV-B intensity compared with the control
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 100 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensitye1
- Outcome
- Chlorophyll contente2
- Direction
- decreasede2
- Value
- 34.20%e2
- Comparator
- control group CKe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter and yield of soybean(Glycine max,Yellow August)”
e1“The results showed that,compared with the control group CK(natural solar UV-B irradiance,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),the plant height of T1(10% higher level of UV-B intensity,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),T2(100 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) and T3(150 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) decreased by 12.73%,12.78% and 14.15%,respectively”
e2“Chlorophyll content decreased by-1.16%(P0.05),34.20%(P0.05) and 57.38%(P0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll content of soybean decreased by 57.38% under 150 nL/L O3 with 10% higher UV-B intensity compared with the control
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 150 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensitye1
- Outcome
- Chlorophyll contente2
- Direction
- decreasede2
- Value
- 57.38%e2
- Comparator
- control group CKe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter and yield of soybean(Glycine max,Yellow August)”
e1“The results showed that,compared with the control group CK(natural solar UV-B irradiance,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),the plant height of T1(10% higher level of UV-B intensity,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),T2(100 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) and T3(150 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) decreased by 12.73%,12.78% and 14.15%,respectively”
e2“Chlorophyll content decreased by-1.16%(P0.05),34.20%(P0.05) and 57.38%(P0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
Net photosynthetic rate of soybean fell by 11.50% under 10% higher UV-B intensity compared with the control
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 10% higher level of UV-B intensitye1
- Outcome
- Net photosynthetic ratee3
- Direction
- felle3
- Value
- 11.50%e3
- Comparator
- control group CKe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter and yield of soybean(Glycine max,Yellow August)”
e1“The results showed that,compared with the control group CK(natural solar UV-B irradiance,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),the plant height of T1(10% higher level of UV-B intensity,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),T2(100 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) and T3(150 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) decreased by 12.73%,12.78% and 14.15%,respectively”
e3“Net photosynthetic rate(Pn) fell 11.50%,46.65% and 48.58%”
Claim · model-written summary
Net photosynthetic rate of soybean fell by 46.65% under 100 nL/L O3 with 10% higher UV-B intensity compared with the control
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 100 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensitye1
- Outcome
- Net photosynthetic ratee3
- Direction
- felle3
- Value
- 46.65%e3
- Comparator
- control group CKe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter and yield of soybean(Glycine max,Yellow August)”
e1“The results showed that,compared with the control group CK(natural solar UV-B irradiance,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),the plant height of T1(10% higher level of UV-B intensity,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),T2(100 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) and T3(150 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) decreased by 12.73%,12.78% and 14.15%,respectively”
e3“Net photosynthetic rate(Pn) fell 11.50%,46.65% and 48.58%”
Claim · model-written summary
Net photosynthetic rate of soybean fell by 48.58% under 150 nL/L O3 with 10% higher UV-B intensity compared with the control
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 150 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensitye1
- Outcome
- Net photosynthetic ratee3
- Direction
- felle3
- Value
- 48.58%e3
- Comparator
- control group CKe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter and yield of soybean(Glycine max,Yellow August)”
e1“The results showed that,compared with the control group CK(natural solar UV-B irradiance,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),the plant height of T1(10% higher level of UV-B intensity,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),T2(100 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) and T3(150 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) decreased by 12.73%,12.78% and 14.15%,respectively”
e3“Net photosynthetic rate(Pn) fell 11.50%,46.65% and 48.58%”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter accumulation of soybean decreased by 31.02% under 10% higher UV-B intensity compared with the control
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 10% higher level of UV-B intensitye1
- Outcome
- Dry matter accumulatione4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Value
- 31.02%e4
- Comparator
- control group CKe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter and yield of soybean(Glycine max,Yellow August)”
e1“The results showed that,compared with the control group CK(natural solar UV-B irradiance,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),the plant height of T1(10% higher level of UV-B intensity,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),T2(100 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) and T3(150 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) decreased by 12.73%,12.78% and 14.15%,respectively”
e4“Dry matter accumulation decreased by 31.02%(P0.05),61.35%(P0.05) and 67.53%(P0.05) respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter accumulation of soybean decreased by 61.35% under 100 nL/L O3 with 10% higher UV-B intensity compared with the control
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 100 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensitye1
- Outcome
- Dry matter accumulatione4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Value
- 61.35%e4
- Comparator
- control group CKe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter and yield of soybean(Glycine max,Yellow August)”
e1“The results showed that,compared with the control group CK(natural solar UV-B irradiance,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),the plant height of T1(10% higher level of UV-B intensity,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),T2(100 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) and T3(150 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) decreased by 12.73%,12.78% and 14.15%,respectively”
e4“Dry matter accumulation decreased by 31.02%(P0.05),61.35%(P0.05) and 67.53%(P0.05) respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter accumulation of soybean decreased by 67.53% under 150 nL/L O3 with 10% higher UV-B intensity compared with the control
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 150 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensitye1
- Outcome
- Dry matter accumulatione4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Value
- 67.53%e4
- Comparator
- control group CKe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter and yield of soybean(Glycine max,Yellow August)”
e1“The results showed that,compared with the control group CK(natural solar UV-B irradiance,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),the plant height of T1(10% higher level of UV-B intensity,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),T2(100 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) and T3(150 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) decreased by 12.73%,12.78% and 14.15%,respectively”
e4“Dry matter accumulation decreased by 31.02%(P0.05),61.35%(P0.05) and 67.53%(P0.05) respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield of soybean reduced by 4.13% under 10% higher UV-B intensity compared with the control
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 10% higher level of UV-B intensitye1
- Outcome
- Yielde5
- Direction
- reducede5
- Value
- 4.13%e5
- Comparator
- control group CKe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter and yield of soybean(Glycine max,Yellow August)”
e1“The results showed that,compared with the control group CK(natural solar UV-B irradiance,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),the plant height of T1(10% higher level of UV-B intensity,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),T2(100 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) and T3(150 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) decreased by 12.73%,12.78% and 14.15%,respectively”
e5“Yield reduced by 4.13%,54.09% and 79.34% respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield of soybean reduced by 54.09% under 100 nL/L O3 with 10% higher UV-B intensity compared with the control
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 100 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensitye1
- Outcome
- Yielde5
- Direction
- reducede5
- Value
- 54.09%e5
- Comparator
- control group CKe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter and yield of soybean(Glycine max,Yellow August)”
e1“The results showed that,compared with the control group CK(natural solar UV-B irradiance,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),the plant height of T1(10% higher level of UV-B intensity,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),T2(100 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) and T3(150 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) decreased by 12.73%,12.78% and 14.15%,respectively”
e5“Yield reduced by 4.13%,54.09% and 79.34% respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield of soybean reduced by 79.34% under 150 nL/L O3 with 10% higher UV-B intensity compared with the control
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 150 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensitye1
- Outcome
- Yielde5
- Direction
- reducede5
- Value
- 79.34%e5
- Comparator
- control group CKe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter and yield of soybean(Glycine max,Yellow August)”
e1“The results showed that,compared with the control group CK(natural solar UV-B irradiance,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),the plant height of T1(10% higher level of UV-B intensity,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3),T2(100 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) and T3(150 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity) decreased by 12.73%,12.78% and 14.15%,respectively”
e5“Yield reduced by 4.13%,54.09% and 79.34% respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Both O3 and UV-B had negative effects on soybean growth and dry matter accumulation
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- O3 and UV-Be6
- Outcome
- growth and dry matter accumulatione6
- Direction
- negative effectse6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter and yield of soybean(Glycine max,Yellow August)”
e6“Both O3 and UV-B had negative effects on soybean growth and dry matter accumulation,and the composite group had a significant adverse impact on soybean growth”
Claim · model-written summary
The composite of enhanced O3 and UV-B had a significant adverse impact on soybean growth
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- composite groupe6
- Outcome
- soybean growthe6
- Direction
- significant adverse impacte6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter and yield of soybean(Glycine max,Yellow August)”
e6“Both O3 and UV-B had negative effects on soybean growth and dry matter accumulation,and the composite group had a significant adverse impact on soybean growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean yield was strongly inhibited under the combination of enhanced O3 and UV-B radiation, through fewer grains and lower grain weight
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- combination of enhanced O3 and UV-B radiatione7
- Outcome
- Soybean yielde7
- Direction
- strongly inhabitede7
- Qualifier
- reduction of grain numbers and grain weighte7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter and yield of soybean(Glycine max,Yellow August)”
e7“Soybean yield was strongly inhabited under the combination of enhanced O3 and UV-B radiation by showing the reduction of grain numbers and grain weight”
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