Abstract
Insecticidal activities and active ingredients of Derris fordii var. lucida were studied for the first time. Insecticidal activities and action mode were determined by bioassay. The active ingredients were isolated from the roots by activity-directed fractionation with column chromatography, thin layer chromatography (TLC) and recrystallization, and identified predominantly on the basis of MS and NMR data. The results showed among methanol extracts from various parts of D. fordii var. lucida only that from the roots had insecticidal activity. The methanol extract from the roots of D. fordii var. lucida had toxicity against the 4th instar larva of Aedes albopictus,Aphis gossypii Glover,Aphis craccivora,Myzus persicae,the 2nd instar larva of Herse convolvuli (L.), the neonate larva of Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker), the 2nd instar larva of Pieris rapae (L.) and the adult of Phyllotreta striolata (Fabricius),with LC_ 50 value 24 h after treatment being 260.3 mg/L , 234.6 mg/L, 141.3 mg/L, 16.4 mg/L, 233.4 mg/L, 20.8 mg/L, 11.7 mg/L and 148.4 mg/L, respectively. The methanol extract from the roots had high contact toxicity and stomach toxicity to the 3rd instar larva of H. convolvuli at 24 h after treatment, with the values being 101.6 mg/L and 234.9 mg/L, respectively. Moreover,the sublethal dosage of the extract had sublethal effect of antifeeding and growth inhibition. Three compounds were isolated from the roots and identified: rotenone, β-sitosterol and 6a12a-dehydrodegulin. The two compounds, rotenone and 6a12a-dehydrodeguelin, possessed poison effect on the neonate larva of S. incertulas, with the LC_ 50 value at 24 h after treatment being 2.6 mg/L and 5.3 mg/L, respectively. It is so concluded that only the roots of D. fordii var. lucida had insecticidal activities, contact toxicity and stomach toxicity were the important action mode, and rotenone and 6a,12a-dehydrodeguelin were the main active ingredients in the roots.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Among methanol extracts from various parts of Derris fordii var. lucida, only the root extract had insecticidal activity.
- Taxon
- D. fordii var. lucidaDerris fordiie1
- Organ / stage
- rootse1
- Treatment
- methanol extracts from various partse1
- Outcome
- insecticidal activitye1
Verbatim
e1“among methanol extracts from various parts of D. fordii var. lucida only that from the roots had insecticidal activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Root methanol extract had an LC50 of 260.3 mg/L against Aedes albopictus larvae at 24 h.
- Taxon
- D. fordii var. lucidaDerris fordiie0
- Treatment
- methanol extract from the rootse0
- Interactor
- Aedes albopictus
Aedes albopictuse1other - Outcome
- LC_ 50 valuee2
- Value
- 260.3 mg/Le3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The methanol extract from the roots of D. fordii var. lucida had toxicity against”
e1“the 4th instar larva of Aedes albopictus”
e2“LC_ 50 value 24 h after treatment”
e3“260.3 mg/L”
Claim · model-written summary
Root methanol extract had an LC50 of 234.6 mg/L against Aphis gossypii at 24 h.
- Taxon
- D. fordii var. lucidaDerris fordiie0
- Treatment
- methanol extract from the rootse0
- Interactor
- Aphis gossypii
Aphis gossypiie1pest - Outcome
- LC_ 50 valuee2
- Value
- 234.6 mg/Le3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The methanol extract from the roots of D. fordii var. lucida had toxicity against”
e1“Aphis gossypii Glover”
e2“LC_ 50 value 24 h after treatment”
e3“234.6 mg/L”
Claim · model-written summary
Root methanol extract had an LC50 of 141.3 mg/L against Aphis craccivora at 24 h.
- Taxon
- D. fordii var. lucidaDerris fordiie0
- Treatment
- methanol extract from the rootse0
- Interactor
- Aphis craccivora
Aphis craccivorae1pest - Outcome
- LC_ 50 valuee2
- Value
- 141.3 mg/Le3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The methanol extract from the roots of D. fordii var. lucida had toxicity against”
e1“Aphis craccivora”
e2“LC_ 50 value 24 h after treatment”
e3“141.3 mg/L”
Claim · model-written summary
Root methanol extract had an LC50 of 16.4 mg/L against Myzus persicae at 24 h.
- Taxon
- D. fordii var. lucidaDerris fordiie0
- Treatment
- methanol extract from the rootse0
- Interactor
- Myzus persicae
Myzus persicaee1pest - Outcome
- LC_ 50 valuee2
- Value
- 16.4 mg/Le3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The methanol extract from the roots of D. fordii var. lucida had toxicity against”
e1“Myzus persicae”
e2“LC_ 50 value 24 h after treatment”
e3“16.4 mg/L”
Claim · model-written summary
Root methanol extract had an LC50 of 233.4 mg/L against Herse convolvuli larvae at 24 h.
- Taxon
- D. fordii var. lucidaDerris fordiie0
- Treatment
- methanol extract from the rootse0
- Interactor
- Herse convolvuli
Agrius convolvulie1pest - Outcome
- LC_ 50 valuee2
- Value
- 233.4 mg/Le3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The methanol extract from the roots of D. fordii var. lucida had toxicity against”
e1“the 2nd instar larva of Herse convolvuli (L.)”
e2“LC_ 50 value 24 h after treatment”
e3“233.4 mg/L”
Claim · model-written summary
Root methanol extract had an LC50 of 20.8 mg/L against Scirpophaga incertulas neonate larvae at 24 h.
- Taxon
- D. fordii var. lucidaDerris fordiie0
- Treatment
- methanol extract from the rootse0
- Interactor
- Scirpophaga incertulas
Scirpophaga incertulase1pest - Outcome
- LC_ 50 valuee2
- Value
- 20.8 mg/Le3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The methanol extract from the roots of D. fordii var. lucida had toxicity against”
e1“the neonate larva of Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker)”
e2“LC_ 50 value 24 h after treatment”
e3“20.8 mg/L”
Claim · model-written summary
Root methanol extract had an LC50 of 11.7 mg/L against Pieris rapae larvae at 24 h.
- Taxon
- D. fordii var. lucidaDerris fordiie0
- Treatment
- methanol extract from the rootse0
- Interactor
- Pieris rapae
Pieris rapaee1pest - Outcome
- LC_ 50 valuee2
- Value
- 11.7 mg/Le3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The methanol extract from the roots of D. fordii var. lucida had toxicity against”
e1“the 2nd instar larva of Pieris rapae (L.)”
e2“LC_ 50 value 24 h after treatment”
e3“11.7 mg/L”
Claim · model-written summary
Root methanol extract had an LC50 of 148.4 mg/L against adult Phyllotreta striolata at 24 h.
- Taxon
- D. fordii var. lucidaDerris fordiie0
- Treatment
- methanol extract from the rootse0
- Interactor
- Phyllotreta striolata
Phyllotreta striolatae1pest - Outcome
- LC_ 50 valuee2
- Value
- 148.4 mg/Le3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The methanol extract from the roots of D. fordii var. lucida had toxicity against”
e1“the adult of Phyllotreta striolata (Fabricius)”
e2“LC_ 50 value 24 h after treatment”
e3“148.4 mg/L”
Claim · model-written summary
Root methanol extract had high contact toxicity to 3rd instar Herse convolvuli larvae at 24 h, with an LC50 of 101.6 mg/L.
- Taxon
- D. fordii var. lucidaDerris fordiie0
- Treatment
- methanol extract from the rootse4
- Interactor
- H. convolvuliAgrius convolvulie4pest
- Outcome
- contact toxicitye4
- Value
- 101.6 mg/Le5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The methanol extract from the roots of D. fordii var. lucida had toxicity against”
e4“The methanol extract from the roots had high contact toxicity and stomach toxicity to the 3rd instar larva of H. convolvuli at 24 h after treatment”
e5“101.6 mg/L”
Claim · model-written summary
Root methanol extract had high stomach toxicity to 3rd instar Herse convolvuli larvae at 24 h, with an LC50 of 234.9 mg/L.
- Taxon
- D. fordii var. lucidaDerris fordiie0
- Treatment
- methanol extract from the rootse4
- Interactor
- H. convolvuliAgrius convolvulie4pest
- Outcome
- stomach toxicitye4
- Value
- 234.9 mg/Le6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The methanol extract from the roots of D. fordii var. lucida had toxicity against”
e4“The methanol extract from the roots had high contact toxicity and stomach toxicity to the 3rd instar larva of H. convolvuli at 24 h after treatment”
e6“234.9 mg/L”
Claim · model-written summary
The sublethal dosage of the root extract reduced feeding and inhibited growth of insects.
- Taxon
- D. fordii var. lucidaDerris fordiie0
- Treatment
- sublethal dosage of the extracte7
- Outcome
- antifeeding and growth inhibitione7
Verbatim
e0“The methanol extract from the roots of D. fordii var. lucida had toxicity against”
e7“the sublethal dosage of the extract had sublethal effect of antifeeding and growth inhibition”
Claim · model-written summary
Contact toxicity and stomach toxicity were the important modes of action of the root extract.
- Taxon
- D. fordii var. lucidaDerris fordiie0
- Outcome
- action modee1
- Qualifier
- contact toxicity and stomach toxicitye1
Verbatim
e0“The methanol extract from the roots of D. fordii var. lucida had toxicity against”
e1“contact toxicity and stomach toxicity were the important action mode”
Claim · model-written summary
Rotenone and 6a,12a-dehydrodeguelin are the main active ingredients in the roots.
- Taxon
- D. fordii var. lucidaDerris fordiie0
- Organ / stage
- rootse1
- Compound
- rotenone and 6a,12a-dehydrodegueline1
- Outcome
- main active ingredientse1
Verbatim
e0“The methanol extract from the roots of D. fordii var. lucida had toxicity against”
e1“rotenone and 6a,12a-dehydrodeguelin were the main active ingredients in the roots”